Indonesia develops AI system to help diagnose malaria

Special Indonesia develops AI system to help diagnose malaria
Health workers look over data of malaria cases in Indonesia at Gatot Soebroto Army Hospital. (RSPAD Gatot Soebroto)
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Updated 14 May 2025

Indonesia develops AI system to help diagnose malaria

Indonesia develops AI system to help diagnose malaria
  • Indonesia’s malaria cases may be as high as 1.1m in 2024, WHO estimates show
  • AI-powered system could help reach patients in remote areas, Indonesian researchers say

JAKARTA: Indonesia’s National Research and Innovation Agency is developing an artificial intelligence-powered system to help diagnose malaria under the country’s efforts to eliminate the disease by 2030.

Indonesia recorded over half a million malaria cases in 2024, but due to the lack of testing, the World Health Organization estimates that the actual number was at least twice higher.

“Our main goal is to create a computer-aided diagnosis system that can automatically recognize malaria status from blood smear images,” Anto Satriyo Nugroho, head of AI and cyber security at Indonesia’s national research agency, or BRIN, said in a statement.

Such a system would speed up confirmation of malaria, which to date is mostly done through microscopic examination.

“We are optimistic that sustainable AI research and development will create an important tool for diagnosis that will contribute significantly to eliminating malaria in Indonesia,” Nugroho added.

AI applications are rapidly gaining in popularity, including in medical care to improve disease diagnosis, treatment selection and clinical laboratory testing.

In 2020, a study published in Nature showed researchers from Google Health, and universities in the US and UK, reporting on an AI model that reads mammograms with fewer false positives and false negatives than human experts.

That algorithm has since been released for commercial use globally.

In Indonesia, BRIN researchers have been working with various local and foreign universities, the WHO as well as other UN agencies to speed up the country’s efforts in eliminating malaria.

An AI-powered system also opens up possibilities for remote diagnostics, which would enable healthcare workers to reach and assess patients in outlying areas.

Malaria is endemic in eastern parts of Indonesia, with around 90 percent of cases reported from the easternmost province of Papua, where healthcare access remains low due to challenging terrain and limited resources. 

“With the massive potential to increase accuracy in diagnosis and improve efficiency in healthcare services in endemic areas, BRIN is optimistic that AI technology will become a strategic partner in managing malaria cases nationally,” BRIN stated.

“AI cannot work on its own. Collaboration between tech experts and biomedical researchers is an absolute requirement for this technology to be reliable.”


Spain holds memorial ceremony for flood victims a year after disaster killed over 230 people

Spain holds memorial ceremony for flood victims a year after disaster killed over 230 people
Updated 3 sec ago

Spain holds memorial ceremony for flood victims a year after disaster killed over 230 people

Spain holds memorial ceremony for flood victims a year after disaster killed over 230 people
The ceremony was held at a public museum in Valencia city
Mazón has been heavily criticized for his administration’s slow response to the floods

VALENCIA: Spain commemorated Wednesday the anniversary of last year’s massive floods that killed over 230 people with a national memorial ceremony led by King Felipe VI.
The Spanish King spoke along with three family members of victims who lost their lives when torrential rains flooded large parts of eastern Spain on the evening of Oct. 29, 2024.
The downpour quickly filled normally dry gorges and riverbeds. Rushing waters overflowed their banks, sweeping away cars and destroying homes. There are 237 confirmed deaths, with 229 victims from the eastern Valencia region, according to the central government.
It was one of Europe’s worst natural disasters in living memory. Experts and the government said it was a sign of the dangers of climate change that is driving extreme weather events around the world.
The ceremony was held at a public museum in Valencia city, whose southern neighborhoods and adjoining towns were devastated. Cleanup efforts initially led by thousands of residents and volunteers took weeks to scoop up the layers of mud and debris.
Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez, representatives from Spain’s other regions and families of the deceased also attended.
Valencia’s regional president, Carlos Mazón, was jeered and insulted by several family members of victims before the ceremony started.
Mazón has been heavily criticized for his administration’s slow response to the floods. There have been several large street protests calling for Mazón to step down, and the latest one drew tens of thousands of demonstrators a few days before the funeral. Mazón has clung to power nonetheless even though his management of the flooding remains a drag on the prospects of his center-right Popular Party.
Mazón, King Felipe and Sánchez were pelted with mud when the three made their first joint visit last year to the disaster zone with many people still missing and neighborhoods without power and covered in mire. The king has since made several visits to the area and been well received.

A man who spent 43 years in prison before his conviction was overturned now faces deportation

A man who spent 43 years in prison before his conviction was overturned now faces deportation
Updated 25 min 55 sec ago

A man who spent 43 years in prison before his conviction was overturned now faces deportation

A man who spent 43 years in prison before his conviction was overturned now faces deportation
  • As his sister prepared to bring him home on Oct. 3, the thin, white-haired Vedam was instead taken into federal custody over a 1999 deportation order
  • “He was someone who’s suffered a profound injustice,” said immigration lawyer Ava Benach

PHILADELPHIA: After waiting more than four decades to clear his name in a friend’s 1980 killing, Subramanyam Vedam was set to walk free from a Pennsylvania prison this month.
Vedam and Thomas Kinser were the 19-year-old children of Penn State University faculty. Vedam was the last person seen with Kinser and was twice convicted of killing him, despite a lack of witnesses or motive.
In August, a judge threw out the conviction after Vedam’s lawyers found new ballistics evidence that prosecutors had never disclosed.
As his sister prepared to bring him home on Oct. 3, the thin, white-haired Vedam was instead taken into federal custody over a 1999 deportation order. The 64-year-old, who legally came to the US from India when he was 9 months old, now faces another daunting legal fight.
Amid the Trump Administration’s focus on mass deportations, Vedam’s lawyers must persuade an immigration court that a 1980s drug conviction should be outweighed by the years he wrongly spent in prison. For a time, immigration law allowed people who had reformed their lives to seek such waivers. Vedam never pursued it then because of the murder conviction.
“He was someone who’s suffered a profound injustice,” said immigration lawyer Ava Benach. “(And) those 43 years aren’t a blank slate. He lived a remarkable experience in prison.”
Vedam earned several degrees behind bars, tutored hundreds of fellow inmates and went nearly half a century with just a single infraction, involving rice brought in from the outside.
His lawyers hope immigration judges will consider the totality of his case. The administration, in a brief filed Friday, opposes the effort. So, Vedam remains at an 1,800-bed US Immigration and Customs Enforcement facility in central Pennsylvania.
“Criminal illegal aliens are not welcome in the U.S,” a Department of Homeland Security spokesperson said in an email about the case.
‘Mr. Vedam, where were you born?’
After his initial conviction was thrown out, Vedam faced an unusual set of questions at his 1988 retrial.
“Mr. Vedam, where were you born?” Center County District Attorney Ray Gricar asked. “How frequently would you go back to India?
“During your teenage years, did you ever get into meditation?”
Gopal Balachandran, the Penn State law professor who won the reversal, believes the questions were designed to alienate him from the all-white jury, which returned a second guilty verdict.
The Vedams were among the first Indian families in the area known as “Happy Valley,” where his father had come as a postdoctoral fellow in 1956. An older daughter was born in State College, but “Subu,” as he was known, was born when the family was back in India in 1961.
They returned to State College for good before his first birthday, and became the family that welcomed new members of the Indian diaspora to town.
“They were fully engaged. My father loved the university. My mother was a librarian, and she helped start the library,” said the sister, Saraswathi Vedam, 68, a midwifery professor in Vancouver, British Columbia.
While she left for college in Massachusetts, Subu became swept up in the counterculture of the late 1970s, growing his hair long and dabbling in drugs while taking classes at Penn State.
One day in December 1980, Vedem asked Kinser for a ride to nearby Lewisburg to buy drugs. Kinser was never seen again, although his van was found outside his apartment. Nine months later, hikers found his body in a wooded area miles away.
Vedam was detained on drug charges while police investigated, and was ultimately charged with murder. He was convicted in 1983 and sentenced to life without parole. To resolve the drug case, he pleaded no contest to four counts of selling LSD and a theft charge. The 1988 retrial offered no reprieve from his situation.
Although the defense long questioned the ballistics evidence in the case, the jury, which heard that Vedam had bought a .25-caliber gun from someone, never heard that an FBI report suggested the bullet wound was too small to have been fired from that gun. Balachandran only found that report as he dug into the case in 2023.
After hearings on the issue, a Center County judge threw out the conviction and the district attorney decided this month not to retry the case.
Trump officials oppose the petition
Benach, the immigration lawyer, often represents clients trying to stay in the US despite an earlier infraction. Still, she finds the Vedam case “truly extraordinary” given the constitutional violations involved.
“Forty-three years of wrongful imprisonment more than makes up for the possession with intent to distribute LSD when he was 20 years old,” she said.
Vedam could spend several more months in custody before the Board of Immigration Appeals decides whether to reopen the case. ICE officials, in a brief Friday, said the clock ran out years ago.
“He has provided no evidence nor argument to show he has been diligent in pursuing his rights as it pertains to his immigration status,” Katherine B. Frisch, an assistant chief counsel, wrote.
Saraswathi Vedam is saddened by the latest delay, but said her brother remains patient.
“He, more than anybody else, knows that sometimes things don’t make sense,” she said. “You have to just stay the course and keep hoping that truth and justice and compassion and kindness will win.”


Hurricane Melissa leaves dozens dead in trail of destruction across Cuba, Haiti and Jamaica

Hurricane Melissa leaves dozens dead in trail of destruction across Cuba, Haiti and Jamaica
Updated 29 October 2025

Hurricane Melissa leaves dozens dead in trail of destruction across Cuba, Haiti and Jamaica

Hurricane Melissa leaves dozens dead in trail of destruction across Cuba, Haiti and Jamaica
  • In Haiti, flooding from Melissa killed at least 25 people in the southern coastal town of Petit-Goâve
  • In Jamaica, more than 25,000 people were packed into shelters Wednesday

SANTIAGO DE CUBA: Hurricane Melissa left dozens dead and widespread destruction across Cuba, Haiti and Jamaica, where roofless homes, fallen utility poles and water-logged furniture dominated the landscape Wednesday.
A landslide blocked the main roads of Santa Cruz in Jamaica’s St. Elizabeth parish, where the streets were reduced to mud pits. Residents swept water from homes as they tried to salvage belongings. Winds ripped off part of the roof at a high school, a designated public shelter.
“I never see anything like this before in all my years living here,” resident Jennifer Small said.
Melissa made landfall Tuesday in Jamaica as a catastrophic Category 5 storm with top winds of 185 mph (295 kph), one of the strongest Atlantic hurricanes on record, before weakening and moving on to Cuba, but even countries outside the direct path of the massive storm felt its devastating effects.
In Haiti, flooding from Melissa killed at least 25 people in the southern coastal town of Petit-Goâve, its mayor told The Associated Press. Mayor Jean Bertrand Subrème said dozens of homes collapsed when La Digue river burst its banks and people were still trapped under rubble Wednesday morning. Only one official from Haiti’s Civil Protection Agency was in the area as residents struggled to evacuate amid heavy floodwaters.
Officials reported collapsed houses, blocked mountain roads and roofs blown off in Cuba on Wednesday, with the heaviest destruction concentrated in the southwest and northwest. Authorities said about 735,000 people remained in shelters.
“That was hell. All night long, it was terrible,” said Reinaldo Charon in Santiago de Cuba. The 52-year-old was one of the few people venturing out Wednesday, covered by a plastic sheet in the intermittent rain.
In Jamaica, more than 25,000 people were packed into shelters Wednesday and more streamed in throughout the day after the storm ripped roofs off their homes and left them temporarily homeless. Dana Morris Dixon, Jamaica’s education minister, said that 77 percent of the island was without power Wednesday.
Jamaica rushes to assess the damage
Jamaican officials reported complications in assessing the damage because of outages, noting “a total communication blackout” in areas, Richard Thompson, acting director general of Jamaica’s Office of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management, told the Nationwide News Network.
“It’s not going to be an easy road, Jamaica,” said Desmond McKenzie, deputy chairperson of Jamaica’s Disaster Risk Management Council.
At least one death was reported in the Jamaica’s west when a tree fell on a baby, state minister Abka Fitz-Henley told the Nationwide News Network.
Prime Minister Andrew Holness plans to fly over the most affected areas, where crews were still trying to access areas and determine the extent of the damage, Dixon said.
Nearby, David Muschette, 84, sat among the rubble of his roofless house. He said he lost everything as he pointed to his wet clothes and furniture strewn across the grass outside while a part of his roof partially blocked the road.
“I need help,” he begged.
The government said it hopes to reopen all of Jamaica’s airports as early as Thursday to ensure quick distribution of emergency relief supplies.
The United States is sending rescue and response teams to assist in recovery efforts in the Caribbean, Secretary of State Marco Rubio announced on X on Wednesday. He said that government officials were coordinating with leadership in Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic and the Bahamas.
Cuba rides out the storm
People in the eastern Cuban province of Santiago de Cuba began clearing debris around the collapsed walls of their homes on Wednesday after Hurricane Melissa made landfall in the region hours earlier.
“Life is what matters,” said Alexis Ramos, a 54-year-old fisherman as he surveyed his destroyed home and shielded himself from the intermittent rain with a yellow raincoat. “Repairing this costs money, a lot of money.”
Meanwhile, local media showed images of the Juan Bruno Zayas Clinical Hospital with severe damage: glass scattered across the floor, waiting rooms in ruins and masonry walls crumpled on the ground.
In Cuba, parts of Granma province, especially the municipal capital, Jiguaní, were underwater, said Gov. Yanetsy Terry Gutiérrez. More than 15 inches (40 centimeters) of rain was reported in Jiguaní’s settlement of Charco Redondo.
The hurricane could worsen Cuba’s severe economic crisis, which already has led to prolonged power blackouts, along with fuel and food shortages.
“There will be a lot of work to do. We know there will be a lot of damage,” Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel said in a televised address, and urged the population not to underestimate the power of Melissa,.
Wednesday afternoon, Melissa had top sustained winds of 100 mph (155 kph) and was moving northeast at 14 mph (22 kph) according to the US National Hurricane Center in Miami. The hurricane was centered about 150 miles (245 kilometers) south of the central Bahamas.
Michael Brennan, director of the National Hurricane Center, said the storm began affecting the southeastern Bahamas on Wednesday.
“The storm is growing in size,” he said, noting that tropical storm force winds now extend almost 200 miles (320 kilometers) from the center.
Melissa’s center is forecast to move through southeastern Bahamas later Wednesday, generating up to 7 feet (2 meters) of storm surge in the area. By late Thursday, Melissa is expected to pass just west of Bermuda.
Before landfall, Melissa had already been blamed for three deaths in Jamaica, three in Haiti and one in the Dominican Republic.


Spain finds 20 tons of cannabis in pepper shipments

Spain finds 20 tons of cannabis in pepper shipments
Updated 29 October 2025

Spain finds 20 tons of cannabis in pepper shipments

Spain finds 20 tons of cannabis in pepper shipments
  • Both vehicles had arrived at the port of Algeciras from Tangier
  • Twenty people were arrested and jailed on charges of drug trafficking and organized crime

MADRID: Spanish police said Wednesday they had seized 20 tons of cannabis hidden in refrigerated trucks carrying peppers from Morocco.
Officers stopped a truck carrying 12 tons of cannabis resin in false compartments behind boxes of green peppers in the southern province of Cadiz on October 21, Spain’s National Police said in a statement.
Three days later, a second truck carrying eight tons of the drug was intercepted near the city of Granada.
Both vehicles had arrived at the port of Algeciras from Tangier.
Twenty people were arrested and jailed on charges of drug trafficking and organized crime.
Investigators said traffickers used lookout vehicles to evade police, and some of the drugs were packaged in candy-like wrappers “aimed at attracting younger consumers.”
Authorities also seized nine vehicles, an automatic pistol and more than 7,000 euros ($8,100) in cash as part of the operation was conducted with Moroccan police.
Spain is a major entry point for drugs into Europe because of its proximity to Morocco and connections with Latin America.
Morocco is a key source of a type of cannabis resin known as hashish, and Latin America is the main source of cocaine.


Russia prepares to take strategic Ukrainian city of Pokrovsk

Russia prepares to take strategic Ukrainian city of Pokrovsk
Updated 29 October 2025

Russia prepares to take strategic Ukrainian city of Pokrovsk

Russia prepares to take strategic Ukrainian city of Pokrovsk
  • Pokrovsk lies on a key road which has been used by the Ukrainian military
  • Russia wants to take the whole of the Donbas region, which comprises Luhansk and Donetsk provinces

MOSCOW: Russian forces are close to taking the eastern Ukrainian city of Pokrovsk after a pincer movement almost totally encircled it while small groups of highly mobile Russian units penetrated the city, according to Russian military bloggers.

WHAT IS POKROVSK?
Pokrovsk is a road and rail hub in Ukraine’s eastern Donetsk region with a pre-war population of some 60,000 people. Most people have now fled, all children have been evacuated and few civilians remain.
It lies on a key road which has been used by the Ukrainian military.
Ukraine’s only mine producing coking coal — used in its once vast steel industry — is around six miles (10 km) west of Pokrovsk. Ukrainian steelmaker Metinvest said in January it had suspended mining operations there.
A technical university in Pokrovsk, the region’s largest and oldest, was damaged by shelling and now stands abandoned.

WHY DOES RUSSIA WANT POKROVSK?
Russia wants to take the whole of the Donbas region, which comprises Luhansk and Donetsk provinces. Ukraine still controls about 10 percent of Donbas — an area of about 5,000 square km (1,930 square miles) in western Donetsk.
Russian President Vladimir Putin says Donbas is now legally part of Russia but Kyiv and the West reject Moscow’s seizure of the territory as an illegal land grab.
Capturing Pokrovsk, dubbed “the gateway to Donetsk” by Russian media, and Kostiantynivka to its northeast which Russian forces are also trying to envelop, would give Moscow a platform to drive north toward the two biggest remaining Ukrainian-controlled cities in Donetsk — Kramatorsk and Sloviansk.
Control of Pokrovsk would allow Moscow to further disrupt Ukrainian supply lines along the eastern front and boost its long-running campaign to capture Chasiv Yar, which sits on higher ground offering potential control of a wider area.
Its capture would also give Russia more options to attack Ukraine’s Dnipropetrovsk region to the west, which is not one of the areas claimed by Moscow, though it says it has established a small foothold there.

WHY HAS IT TAKEN SO LONG?
Russia has been threatening Pokrovsk for more than a year but instead of the deadly frontal assaults it used most famously in Bakhmut, Russia’s military has deployed a different tactic.
Russian forces used a pincer movement to almost fully encircle Pokrovsk and threaten Ukrainian supply lines, then harried Ukrainian forces by sending in small units and drones to disrupt logistics and sow chaos to their rear.
Essentially, Russia’s tactics carved what Russian military bloggers called a grey zone of ambiguity out of the city where neither side had control but which was extremely difficult — and costly — to defend.
To clear both Pokrovsk and nearby Myrnohrad may take some time and so delay Russia’s formal announcement. Ukraine’s incursion into the Kursk region of Russia last year also slowed the Russian attack on Pokrovsk.

WHAT IS HAPPENING NOW? Ukraine has rushed to strengthen positions in the city.
“There is fierce fighting in the city and on the approaches to the city... Logistics are difficult. But we must continue to destroy the occupiers,” President Volodymyr Zelensky said on Sunday. Russia’s top general, Valery Gerasimov, Chief of the General Staff, told Putin on Sunday that Russia had blocked a large number of Ukrainian soldiers in the area. Russian bloggers said Ukraine had withdrawn its top units from the area.
The pro-Ukrainian DeepState war blogger said Russian forces were continuing to infiltrate the city.
“The situation in Pokrovsk is on the verge of critical and continues to deteriorate to the point that it may be too late to fix,” DeepState said.
Reuters was unable to verify battlefield reports from either side due to reporting restrictions in the war zone.

WHAT IS RUSSIA DOING ALONG THE REST OF THE FRONT?
Russia’s military says it now controls more than 19 percent of Ukraine, or some 116,000 square km (44,800 square miles).
Gerasimov told Putin on Sunday that Russian forces were also threatening Kupiansk in Ukraine’s Kharkiv region and were advancing in the Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhzhia regions.
Russian advances toward the city of Zaporizhzhia indicate that Moscow’s current plans include taking the whole of that region.
Moscow classes the regions of Crimea, Luhansk, Donetsk, Zaporizhzhia and Kherson as subjects of the Russian Federation. Kyiv says they are all part of Ukraine.
Most countries do not recognize the areas as part of Russia but Syria, North Korea and Nicaragua have recognized Moscow’s annexation of Crimea. The United Nations General Assembly declared in 2014 the annexation illegal and recognized Crimea as part of Ukraine.
Putin has accused the West of having double standards for recognizing Kosovo as an independent country in 2008 against Serbia’s wishes but opposing the recognition of Crimea. Russia opposed the independence of Kosovo.