Green hydrogen is the fuel for a net-zero future

Green hydrogen is the fuel for a net-zero future

A general view shows the solar plant in Uyayna, north of Riyadh, on March 29, 2018. (AFP)
A general view shows the solar plant in Uyayna, north of Riyadh, on March 29, 2018. (AFP)
Short Url

The global energy transition is not just a necessity; it is an opportunity to rewrite our future, powered by clean energy. At the heart of this transformation lies green hydrogen — the fuel of a carbon-free tomorrow.

is leading the charge with its Vision 2030 reform agenda, which aims to achieve net zero by 2060. In alignment with this vision, the NEOM Green Hydrogen Company is at the heart of this effort.

On our path to a better, more stable and sustainable future, I am honored to reflect on the past year as CEO of NEOM Green Hydrogen Company.

In 2024, I spearheaded the growth and execution of the world’s largest green hydrogen plant, which is set to produce up to 600 tonnes of green hydrogen daily for global export, and to be fully operational by the end of 2026.

We achieved several construction milestones, including the delivery of equipment, the installation of key technology and setting up “Electrolyser 1” to go live in 2025.

Overall, we reached 60 percent completion across all sites, including the green hydrogen production facility, wind garden, solar farm and the transmission grid.

In parallel, we have been developing an organization for operations at scale, launching a recruitment drive while partnering with regional educational institutions to inspire, train and upskill future generations to join our sector.

We are taking tangible steps toward a decarbonized world. Just imagine: By the end of 2026, green hydrogen from our plant will be powering buses, heavy-duty trucks and vital industrial processes, reducing global CO2 emissions by up to 5 million tonnes annually.

The promise of green hydrogen extends far beyond individual projects. It represents a fundamental shift in how we power our world.

Wesam Y. Alghamdi

This puts us in the driver’s seat to move from promise to tangible delivery at a time when the world pins its hopes on green hydrogen as a sustainable fuel.

The confidence in our project is not unfounded. We are providing the blueprint for production at scale, enjoying the advantage of an equal joint venture partnership, secured investment, alignment with Vision 2030, a 30-year offtake agreement and rapid construction progress, setting us apart from other green hydrogen development projects.

This progress is not only a testament to the confidence of our investors and partners, but also shines a light on the dedication and expertise of our world-class team — a diverse mix of Saudi nationals and international experts.

The overwhelming interest in joining our mission, evidenced by more than 9,000 registrations for our recent recruitment drive, speaks to the exciting potential of this burgeoning field.

According to the Hydrogen Council and its insights report at the end of 2024, the clean hydrogen pipeline is mature and there is a need for pace and scale, which must accelerate dramatically in order to meet global climate goals. Staying on track is absolutely critical.

The promise of green hydrogen extends far beyond individual projects. It represents a fundamental shift in how we power our world.

As renewable energy sources become increasingly efficient and accessible, green hydrogen emerges as the ideal energy carrier, storing and transporting the power of the sun and wind to fuel industries and economies.

This is not merely a technological advancement; it is integral for a truly sustainable future.

The world is on the cusp of a new era — a green hydrogen era — and I am proud to be at the helm of a company that is leading the way.

- Wesam Y. Alghamdi is CEO of the NEOM Green Hydrogen Company.

 

Disclaimer: Views expressed by writers in this section are their own and do not necessarily reflect Arab News' point of view

Pakistan’s solar-powered farming deepens fears of long-term water crisis

Pakistan’s solar-powered farming deepens fears of long-term water crisis
Updated 10 min 38 sec ago

Pakistan’s solar-powered farming deepens fears of long-term water crisis

Pakistan’s solar-powered farming deepens fears of long-term water crisis
  • Farmers are increasingly ditching diesel and grid power as Pakistan undergoes a solar revolution fueled by cheap Chinese-made panels
  • The solar boom has coincided with the rapid depletion of water tables in Pakistan’s most populous Punjab province, documents show

MURIDKE: Out in the fields near Pakistan’s city of Muridke in Punjab province, rice farmer Karamat Ali’s cows and buffalos once provided his family with milk until earlier this year, when he sold about a dozen of them to buy a set of solar panels.

Ali now uses his panels to power a tube well, which is composed of a water well and a motorized groundwater pump. The solar device allows Ali to irrigate his crops with greater ease and frees him from depending on the erratic electricity grid and pricey diesel to extract groundwater.

“It keeps my costs low because it runs without diesel and keeps my water supply running smoothly,” Ali said.

A worker installs a folding solar panel unit, to run a tube well, the motorised pump that taps groundwater, in a rice field in Muridke, Sheikhupura District in Punjab province, Pakistan, on August 12, 2025. (REUTERS)

As Pakistan undergoes a solar revolution fueled by cheap Chinese-made panels, farmers like Ali are increasingly ditching diesel and grid power for sun-powered tube wells, according to interviews with growers, as well as government officials and analysts.

The solar boom has coincided with the rapid depletion of water tables in Pakistan’s most populous province, according to previously unreported Punjab water authority documents viewed by Reuters. The documents did not pinpoint any cause.

Farmers who spoke to Reuters said they had started irrigating their rice paddies several times a day, which would not have been possible without solarised pumps. They are also choosing to grow more thirsty rice crops than in previous years, with the size of rice fields increasing 30% between 2023 and 2025, US Department of Agriculture data shows.

Women farmers plant rice saplings in a field in Muridke, Sheikhupura District in Punjab province, Pakistan, on August 11, 2025. (REUTERS)

There are no recent official estimates on the number of tube wells in Pakistan, which doesn’t require their registration. But so widespread is their use that farmers choosing to power the devices with solar are set to drive a 45 percent collapse in the amount of grid electricity consumed by the agriculture sector in the three years through 2025, said energy economist Ammar Habib, who serves as an adviser to Pakistan’s power minister. His estimate was based on consumption data published by the national energy authority.

Reuters’ calculations based on Habib’s data, which were reviewed by Habib and Lahore-based renewables analyst Syed Faizan Ali Shah, indicate that some 400,000 tube wells that once relied on electricity have switched to solar. Farmers dependent on such panels have likely purchased an additional 250,000 tube wells since 2023, Habib estimated, signalling that the sun now powers roughly 650,000 such devices across Pakistan.

The explosion in availability of cheap solar panels is posing a particular threat to water levels in the South Asian bread basket of Punjab.

The water table has shrunk below 60 feet — a level designated as critical by the provincial irrigation department — across 6.6% of Punjab as of 2024, according to maps published for internal use by water authorities and seen by Reuters.

Adnan Hassan, Senior Research Officer, checks the dipmeter to examine the ground-water level from a borehole, at the Irrigation Research Institute in Punjab Irrigation Department, in Lahore, Pakistan, on August 13, 2025. (REUTERS)

That marks an increase of some 25% between 2020 and 2024, while the deepest pockets — with water levels beyond 80 feet — more than doubled in size during the same period.

Punjab Irrigation Minister Muhammad Kazim Pirzada said there are around 10 cities in the province where water has been seriously depleted.

His department told Reuters it was continuing to study the relationship between tube wells and groundwater depletion, but that it had undertaken measures to protect the water table.

But for many farmers in Punjab, the threat to the water table is a problem for tomorrow.

“Solar panels should be installed at all cost,” said 38-year-old subsistence farmer Rai Abdul Ghafoor, who has been saving for a purchase.

Mian Muhammad Kazim Ali Pirzada, Minister of Irrigation, Punjab, speaks on mobile phone next to a portrait of the Chief Minister of Punjab Maryam Nawaz Sharif during an interview with Reuters in Lahore, Pakistan, on August 12, 2025. (REUTERS)

The switch to solar has allowed 61-year-old Mohammad Naseem to save some 50,000 rupees ($175.21) monthly on electricity and diesel since he bought his panels four years ago. That is 25 percent more than the minimum monthly wage in Punjab.

“I sleep near it. I arrange to guard it at night; we remain vigilant so that it doesn’t get damaged,” said Naseem, who prizes his panels so much that he dismantles them every evening and brings them home from the fields.

While poor farmers are still reliant on diesel and grid power, many agriculture-dependent villages have pooled sums to purchase the panels as communal property.

Hajji Allah Rakha, an 80-year-old farmer who has 16 panels, shares them with two other families. Electricity bills have gone down significantly, benefiting everyone who invested in the technology, Rakha said.

Zaheer, 29, an employee of Punjab Irrigation Department, uses a dipmeter to check the ground water level at a borehole, in Babakwal, Sheikhupura District in Punjab province, Pakistan, on August 13, 2025. (REUTERS)

Shahab Qureshi, a businessman selling solar panels in the provincial capital Lahore, said the solar boom has many farmers using all means to get their hands on the device.

“They would sell land, jewelry, or take loans just to get the solar panels,” Qureshi said.

Meanwhile, federal and provincial officials have started to pay more attention to the slow-boiling crisis, especially after India suspended its participation in an accord governing the sharing of water from the critical Indus River system earlier this year.

Punjab began aquifer-recharge pilots, which aim to slow depletion and ensure stable groundwater supply, at more than 40 sites before India’s April move, though officials said such projects have grown in importance since.

The province is also reviving old infrastructure such as the Ravi Siphon, a colonial-era tunnel that helps stabilize flows from the Ravi River. Officials hope that improving conventional irrigation methods will reduce the need for farmers to extract groundwater.

“What we are injecting in the aquifer, that quality must be equal to the drinking water quality. If you inject polluted water from the roads to the aquifers, then the next generation will suffer the consequences,” said Adnan Hassan, a researcher for Punjab’s irrigation department.


US says kills four in new attack on alleged drug-smuggling boat

US says kills four in new attack on alleged drug-smuggling boat
Updated 11 min 45 sec ago

US says kills four in new attack on alleged drug-smuggling boat

US says kills four in new attack on alleged drug-smuggling boat
  • US forces carried out a strike on an alleged drug-smuggling boat off the coast of Venezuela on Friday, killing four people, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said

WASHINGTON: US forces carried out a strike on an alleged drug-smuggling boat off the coast of Venezuela on Friday, killing four people, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said.
The latest strike, which Hegseth announced in a post on X, brings the number of such US attacks to at least four, leaving at least 21 people dead.
An accompanying video shared by Hegseth showed a boat speeding across the waves before being engulfed in smoke and flames.
“Four male narco-terrorists aboard the vessel were killed,” the Pentagon chief wrote.
He said the strike “was conducted in international waters just off the coast of Venezuela while the vessel was transporting substantial amounts of narcotics — headed to America to poison our people.”
“These strikes will continue until the attacks on the American people are over!!!!” he added.
Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro and some of his allies in the region condemned the attack.
The latest military action comes after President Donald Trump’s administration said in a notice to Congress that he has determined the United States is engaged in “armed conflict” with drug cartels.
Washington has not released evidence to support its assertion that the targets of its strikes are drug smugglers, and experts say the summary killings are illegal even if they target confirmed narcotics traffickers.
The administration’s letter, a copy of which was obtained by AFP on Thursday, was designed as a legal justification for at least three previous strikes.
“The president determined these cartels are non-state armed groups, designated them as terrorist organizations, and determined that their actions constitute an armed attack against the United States,” said the notice from the Pentagon, which also described suspected smugglers as “unlawful combatants.”
Armed aggression
Trump posted the same video as Hegseth on his Truth Social platform, saying that “a boat loaded with enough drugs to kill 25 TO 50 THOUSAND PEOPLE was stopped... from entering American Territory.”
Maduro called US actions in the region “an armed aggression to impose regime change, to impose puppet governments, and to steal Venezuela’s oil, gas, gold and all natural resources.”
Speaking at an event in Caracas, Maduro ordered the mobilization of reservists and militias “if it is necessary to move from unarmed combat to armed combat.”
The Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA), a leftist Latin American bloc co-founded by Maduro’s late mentor, Hugo Chavez, condemned in a statement the “illegal incursion” by US fighter jets, deeming the raid a violation of international law.
ALBA argued that the repeated US strikes aim to “destabilize the region” and instill fear in its people.
Colombian President Gustavo Petro — a fierce critic of Trump’s policy of striking alleged traffickers — wrote on X that “the narco-terrorists don’t go in the boats — the narcos live in the US, Europe and Dubai.”
“There were poor Caribbean youths on that boat,” Petro wrote, adding that striking vessels that could instead be intercepted at sea “violates the universal judicial principal of proportionality.”
Tensions between the United States and Venezuela have been high over the deployment of multiple American warships in the region.
Venezuela said Thursday it had detected “an illegal incursion” by five US fighter jets flying off its shores, with Defense Minister Vladimir Padrino denouncing the alleged flights as a “provocation.”
Trump last month dispatched 10 F-35 aircraft to Puerto Rico, a US territory in the Caribbean, as part of the biggest military deployment in the area in over three decades.


Gaza civil defense says heavy strikes despite Trump appeal

Gaza civil defense says heavy strikes despite Trump appeal
Updated 20 min 58 sec ago

Gaza civil defense says heavy strikes despite Trump appeal

Gaza civil defense says heavy strikes despite Trump appeal
  • Gaza’s civil defense agency said Saturday that Israel carried out dozens of air strikes and artillery shelling on Gaza City despite US President Donald Trump’s appeal to end bombardments

JERUSALEM: Gaza’s civil defense agency said Saturday that Israel carried out dozens of air strikes and artillery shelling on Gaza City despite US President Donald Trump’s appeal to end bombardments after Hamas accepted a ceasefire deal.
“It was a very violent night, during which the (Israeli army) carried out dozens of air strikes and artillery shelling on Gaza City and other areas in the Strip, despite President Trump’s call to halt the bombing,” civil defense spokesman Mahmud Bassal told AFP.
Bassal, whose agency is a rescue force which operates under Hamas authority, added that 20 homes were destroyed in the overnight bombardments.


Government, protesters reach agreement to end days of unrest in Azad Kashmir

Government, protesters reach agreement to end days of unrest in Azad Kashmir
Updated 26 min 58 sec ago

Government, protesters reach agreement to end days of unrest in Azad Kashmir

Government, protesters reach agreement to end days of unrest in Azad Kashmir
  • At least nine people, including three policemen, were killed in this week’s clashes after a call for civil rights protest in the northern region
  • A judicial committee will probe violent incidents, victims will be compensated and a panel will be formed on reserved migrant seats, agreement says

ISLAMABAD: The government in Azad Kashmir has reached an agreement with a civil rights alliance to end days of unrest in the northern Pakistani region, a Pakistani federal minister announced on Saturday, following the killing of at least nine people in deadly clashes.

The clashes erupted after calls for an indefinite ‘lockdown’ by the Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee (JKJAAC) from Sept. 29, seeking removal of perks for government officials, ending 12 seats in the regional assembly reserved for Kashmiri migrants who came from the Indian-side of the territory, and royalty for hydel power projects.

The protests have turned violent as protesters and police came face to face and clashed at various locations, with authorities confirming killing of six civilians and three policemen this week. The crisis prompted Pakistan Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif to send a negotiations team to the territory to join the regional government in talks with the protesters.

“It was the wisdom of local and national leadership and the spirit of dialogue that enabled us to resolve this stand-off peacefully, without violence, without division, and with mutual respect,” Pakistani Planning Minister Ahsan Iqbal, who was part of the negotiations, said on X.

Pakistani Parliamentary Affairs Minister Dr. Tariq Fazal Chaudhry shared a copy of the agreement on X, which included the formation of a judicial commission to probe violent incidents, reduction in the number of regional government ministers and secretaries, and setting up a committee on reserved seats for migrants.

“Persons killed in the incidents of 1st and 2nd October 2025 shall be compensated with monetary benefits equivalent to LEAs (law enforcement agencies),” it read. “Gunshot injuries will be compensated at the rate of Rs10 lac ($3,554) per injured person. A government job shall be granted to one of the family members of each dead person within 20 days.”

The picture shared on Oct. 4, 2025, shows government officials and representative o Joint Action Committee in Islamabad, Pakistan. (Ahsan Iqbal/X)

Kashmir is divided between India and Pakistan since their independence from British rule in 1947. Both claim the territory in its entirety, but rule in part.

Azad Kashmir is the part administered by Pakistan. The negotiations between the government and AKJAAC followed shutter-down and wheel-jam strikes that disrupted public life in the territory.

In May 2024, a similar wave of protests paralyzed the region. After six days of strikes and violent clashes that left at least four dead, PM Sharif approved a grant of Rs 23 billion ($86 million) for subsidies on flour and electricity, and a judicial commission to review elite privileges.

Protest leaders suspended their campaign at that time but warned that failure to implement the package would fuel fresh unrest.


How the Gaza aid flotilla used cameras and data to win global attention

How the Gaza aid flotilla used cameras and data to win global attention
Updated 40 min 42 sec ago

How the Gaza aid flotilla used cameras and data to win global attention

How the Gaza aid flotilla used cameras and data to win global attention
  • Flotilla aimed to breach Gaza blockade, gained global attention
  • Protests erupted worldwide, flotilla supported by various nations

ATHENS: When armed Israeli soldiers boarded a flotilla of boats trying to deliver food and medicine to Gaza on Wednesday night, two web developers in Glasgow scrambled to keep track of the vessels as millions of people worldwide tuned in to monitor their fate.
As grainy footage from onboard cameras broadcast the raids live on the flotilla’s website, the developers updated the status of the vessels in real-time and posted short videos of each takeover. The clicks were unprecedented, they said: the site registered 2.5 million visits on Wednesday and 3.5 million on Thursday.
“I have never seen numbers like that – not on a website I’ve ever made,” said Lizzie Malcolm, the co-director of Rectangle, a design and software development studio that helped track the vessels on behalf of the organizers.

NEW FLOTILLA EN ROUTE IN HIGH-PROFILE CAMPAIGN

The Global Sumud Flotilla was seeking to breach an Israeli naval blockade of Gaza, which has been decimated by a two-year Israeli assault.
It consisted of more than 40 civilian boats carrying about 500 parliamentarians, lawyers and activists, including Swedish climate campaigner Greta Thunberg.
The flotilla failed to reach Gaza — the boats were intercepted and escorted to Israel. But over the course of ten days it emerged as the highest-profile opposition to Israel’s blockade. Buoyed by that publicity, another flotilla of 11 boats has already set sail.
Through a sophisticated social media campaign, updated boat-tracking technology, savvy website design and grassroots organizing, the mission gained massive attention and support, energising a global movement to lift the blockade.
While Israel says its naval blockade is legal as it battles Hamas militants in the coastal enclave, and officials have repeatedly denounced the mission as a provocation, the flotilla has widespread support. Wednesday’s seizure triggered protests in cities across Europe and as far afield as Argentina, Mexico and Pakistan, and drew criticism from politicians and leaders from Colombia to Malaysia.

CREATING A MOVEMENT
Israel first imposed a blockade on Gaza in 2007 when Hamas took over the territory, but efforts by activists to raise awareness have gained traction since the outbreak of the war in October 2023, which was triggered by Hamas’ attack on Israel.
This latest campaign has gained more attention than ever before.
The flotilla benefited from, and contributed to, a wider political shift since June, which has seen nations including France and the UK recognize Palestinian statehood in reaction to Israel’s offensive, said Dan Mercea, a professor of digital and social change at St. George’s, University of London.
“The cultural impact is beginning to show. That is not just the flotilla, but they are making a difference.”
An attempt in June by the March to Gaza group, in which activists were scheduled to march to Egypt’s Rafah border crossing with Gaza, was disrupted when Egypt deported dozens of activists. Other, smaller flotillas have tried to breach the naval blockade, but their efforts have garnered less attention.
Then in June, organizations including the March to Gaza held a meeting in Tunis, in which they discussed clubbing together.
“The idea was that a bigger thing was needed. There were discussions about how to communicate with people and an exchange of knowledge,” said Antonis Faras, from the Greek contingent of the March to Gaza movement.

HUGE SUPPORT FROM THE START
The Global Sumud Flotilla was born and it had a clear mission: to break Israel’s blockade.
The organization had huge support from the start. When it sent out an invitation for people to participate, it received 20,000 applications, Faras said. In Italy, a charity called Music 4 Peace began collecting aid donations, with a target of 40 tons. In five days they collected more than 500 tons.
Across Europe, missions started to prepare. The Greek contingent sourced 25 boats from across Europe. When it asked for donations, it received more than it could carry. In Italy, local organizers cultivated relationships with unions, who supported the flotilla with strikes and actions at various ports. That grassroots connection paid off on Wednesday: within hours of the Israeli interception, people were on the streets in protest, and the unions had called a general strike for October 3. The movement was broken down into countries, each one with its own press spokesperson.
“The protests’ success stems from the fact that every region meticulously worked on their territory... this structure proved to work,” said Maria Elena Delia, a spokesperson for the Italian delegation.

A LIVE FEED TO THE WORLD
The flotilla sent regular updates on X, Telegram and Instagram and held press conferences via Zoom with activists on the boat. Nelson Mandela’s grandson was on board. Thunberg gave interviews from the ship’s deck.
It had live feeds from the boats, and improved ship tracking devices. In Glasgow, Malcolm and her partner Daniel Powers, who collaborated with London-based Forensic Architecture research group, benefited from added layers of tracking capabilities, including backup from Garmin devices and even cellphones should other methods fail. The cameras on board gave people a rare live view on Wednesday night as the Israeli navy demanded captains turn off their engines as soldiers boarded the boats with guns and night vision goggles. As part of an agreed safety protocol, the activists sat in life vests, their hands in the air. Malcolm and Powers watched the images from their studio in Glasgow as the night went on, updating the list of boats and changing their status one by one from “sailing” to “intercepted.” “We have seen how much people want to watch this. It does something. There is something positive in this – you are really willing them to get there,” Malcolm said.