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LONDON: Windsor Castle staff are setting the 50-meter-long (164-feet-long) mahogany table. Grooms are buffing the hooves of the horses that will pull the royal carriages. And the military honor guard is drilling to ensure every step lands with precision.
Throughout the halls and grounds of the almost 1,000-year-old castle west of London, hundreds of people are working to make sure King Charles III puts on the best show possible when he welcomes US President Donald Trump for his historic second state visit this week.
The visit, featuring glittering tiaras, brass bands and a sumptuous banquet served on 200-year-old silver, is a display of the pomp and ceremony that Britain does like no one else. But it’s a spectacle with a purpose: to bolster ties with one of the world’s most powerful men at a time when his America First policies are roiling longstanding trade and security relationships.
“We’re buttering up to him,” said Robert Lacey, a royal historian and consultant on the Netflix series “The Crown.”
“He wouldn’t come to Britain if he wouldn’t have the chance to stay at Windsor Castle, probably pay homage to the (late) queen he admires so much, and to meet the king.”
Soft power in action
Three centuries after Britain’s kings and queens gave up political power and settled for the role of ceremonial head of state, the royals remain a robust instrument of “soft power,” which the elected government uses to reward friends and wring concessions out of reluctant allies.
State visits are the monarchy’s ultimate tool, with world leaders vying to get the full royal treatment.
During seven decades on the throne, the late Queen Elizabeth II hosted everyone from Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceauşescu to South African President Nelson Mandela.
The royals have also hosted the last four US presidents, though not all were full-scale state visits.
Hospitality with purpose
While the impact of soft power is hard to quantify, it contributes to a feeling of friendship that “may incline another party to be more open to your entreaties,” said Martin Farr, an expert in modern British history at Newcastle University.
Six years ago, Britain sought Trump’s support as it prepared to leave the European Union. This time the UK is lobbying for favorable trade terms and help in combating Russian aggression in Ukraine.
“A new Trump presidency, a new prime minister, a different government, but the same sense of panic and the same feeling that the biggest lever we can pull with this president is to flatter him and to try and connect him with something he seems genuinely to be impressed by, which is monarchy, and the fact that his mother of course was born” in Scotland, Farr said.
So Prime Minister Keir Starmer hurried to Washington in February, just five weeks after Trump began his second term, and handed him the king’s invitation for a state visit.
It was the first time any world leader received the honor of a second state visit, and the first time the invitation was delivered in a personal letter from the king, which Trump proudly displayed for TV cameras.
“It’s a great, great honor, and that says at Windsor,” Trump said as he praised the king. “That’s really something.”
Pomp and circumstance
There will be plenty of glitz for a president who has gilded the Oval Office and plans to build a White House ballroom for 650 guests.
While the president and first lady Melania Trump will arrive in the UK late Tuesday, the meat of the visit begins the next day.
After welcoming the Trumps, Charles and Queen Camilla will accompany them on a carriage ride through the Windsor estate, then back to the castle along a path lined by members of the armed forces.
Inside the crenellated walls of the castle, which William the Conqueror started building in 1070, a military band will play the national anthems of both countries before Charles and Trump review the guard of honor in scarlet tunics and tall bearskin hats.
Hundreds of military personnel will take part in the ceremonies — mounted troops, foot guards and musicians — after months of rehearsals.
When rifles are shouldered, it will come with a single thwack. When boots hit the ground, they will do so in unison. “God Save the King” and “The Star-Spangled Banner” will be note-perfect.
Highlighting history
After the welcoming ceremonies, the Trumps will view an exhibit of documents and artwork put together to highlight the shared history of Britain and the US The palace hasn’t said what will be included, but the options are myriad for two countries with common legal and democratic traditions that stretch back to Magna Carta, the historic charter of rights signed in 1215 at Runnymede, just a few miles from Windsor.
But the centerpiece of the visit will be Wednesday night’s state banquet, where the men will don white ties and tail coats and the women will wear designer gowns and jewels that will sparkle in the flickering light from antique candelabra.
“The tiaras will be out in force,’’ said Hugo Vickers, a royal historian and author of “Alice,” a biography of the late Prince Philip’s mother. “It will all look very splendid.”
Dinner for many
The king and queen will join their guests around the massive Waterloo Table, which is about half the length of a football field and has space for 160 guests. It takes five full days to set the table, which will be laid with the Grand Service, a silver-gilt dining service that includes more than 4,000 pieces ranging from serving dishes to dinner plates and egg cups.
Vickers said the silver and ceremonies pave the way for conciliation, which Elizabeth believed was the way to solve even intractable problems.
“Keir Starmer has, cleverly in a way, used the king to lure President Trump over here, to give him a very good time,” he said. “And (it’s) a wonderful opportunity, with all the goodwill that will be engaged at this point, to talk to him … and if there’s any hope of sorting out Ukraine, etc. This is all a step in the right direction.”
Those discussions take place Thursday, when Trump and Starmer meet at Chequers, the country estate of British prime ministers.

JOHANNESBURG: Botswana and southern African peers that built much of their prosperity on diamonds are scrambling for alternatives as cheaper, lab-grown stones threaten their economies.
Diamond-dependent Botswana is leading the way and launched a sovereign wealth fund this week to lay the “foundation for a more resilient, sustainable and diversified future beyond diamonds.”
It is exploring other avenues too, like boosting luxury wildlife tourism, launching into the medicinal cannabis market and exploiting its abundant sunshine for solar power.
President Duma Boko has even mooted taking a majority stake in industry giant De Beers and selling Botswana’s diamonds independently.
“Countries such as Angola, Namibia and South Africa are all exposed but not to the same degree as Botswana,” economist Brendon Verster at the Oxford Economics Africa think tank told AFP.

The stones are the country’s main source of income and account for about 30 percent of its gross domestic product (GDP) and 80 percent of its exports, according to the International Monetary Fund.
But, as consumers turn to cheaper diamonds created in China and India, the average price of a one-carat natural diamond is falling.
The price dropped from a peak of $6,819 in May 2022 to $4,997 by December 2024, according to the World Diamond Council.
Botswana, which is 70 percent desert, was lifted from poverty by the discovery of diamonds in the 1960s. It is already feeling the effects of the lab-grown competition.

‘Risks of economic collapse’

As its foreign reserves deplete, the government has turned to debt to fill the public coffers.
Government funds ran so low that the health system teetered on the verge of collapse in August, leading Boko to declare a state of emergency.
“If left unaddressed, there is a real risk of the situation becoming not just an economic challenge but a social time bomb,” he said in July.
Highlighting the fears, global ratings agency S&P on Friday dropped its long-term ratings on Botswana one notch to “BBB” and declared a negative outlook, citing the rapid expansion of the lab-diamond market.

Synthetic stones had captured “approximately 20 percent of the global market by value and up to 50 percent by volume in the US engagement ring segment in 2025,” it said in a statement.
Diversification is “essentially now or never,” Verster said.
“We don’t really see anything that would cause a monumental shift back in favor of natural diamonds to curb the rising popularity of synthetic diamonds.”
Also suffering is tiny Lesotho, where diamonds contribute up to 10 percent of its $2 billion GDP and the larger, vital textile market has been hit by US tariffs.
This month its biggest diamond mine, Letseng, said it would lay off a fifth of its workforce, citing “sustained pricing pressure” and “softer demand in key markets.”
The mine closures “could heighten risks of economic collapse,” independent economic analyst Thabo Qhesi told AFP, stressing an urgent need to explore other options, such as rare-earth resources.

The ‘real thing’ 

In a bid to keep the sparkle alive, Angola, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa and the Democratic Republic of Congo pledged in June to allocate one percent of their annual diamond revenues to marketing natural diamonds.
The campaign would need to reframe their value as a coveted “luxury product,” former Bank of Botswana deputy governor Keith Jefferis told AFP.
“We see a significant opportunity to engage consumers in the story of responsibly sourced diamonds from Botswana,” De Beers, also taking part, told AFP.

The South Africa-British firm is meanwhile exploring the potential of synthetic diamonds in high-tech fields like quantum networks and semiconductors, as prices fall below $100 per carat.
For Botswanan ministry of minerals official Jacob Thamage, natural and lab-made diamonds “offer different value propositions to different consumers and therefore can and will coexist.”
In an upscale Johannesburg mall, behind fortified steel gates, a natural yellow diamond priced at over $50,000 stood as a symbol of exclusivity.
Just steps away, a lab-grown diamond valued at $115 was unguarded.
“We each have our target,” one jeweller said. “So long as everyone is happy.”