MELBOURNE: The Australian government announced YouTube will be among the social media platforms that must ensure account holders are at least 16-years-old from December, reversing a position taken months ago on the popular video-sharing service.
YouTube was listed as an exemption in November last year when the Parliament passed world-first laws that will ban Australian children younger than 16 from platforms including Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok and X.
Communications Minister Anika Wells released rules Wednesday that decide which online services are defined as âage-restricted social media platformsâ and which avoid the age limit.
The age restrictions take effect Dec. 10 and platforms will face fines of up to 50 million Australian dollars ($33 million) for âfailing to take responsible stepsâ to exclude underage account holders, a government statement said. The steps are not defined.
Wells defended applying the restrictions to YouTube and said the government would not be intimidated by threats of legal action from the platformâs US owner, Alphabet Inc.
âThe evidence cannot be ignored that four out of 10 Australian kids report that their most recent harm was on YouTube,â Wells told reporters, referring to government research. âWe will not be intimidated by legal threats when this is a genuine fight for the wellbeing of Australian kids.â
Children will be able to access YouTube but will not be allowed to have their own YouTube accounts.
YouTube said the governmentâs decision âreverses a clear, public commitment to exclude YouTube from this ban.â
âWe share the governmentâs goal of addressing and reducing online harms. Our position remains clear: YouTube is a video sharing platform with a library of free, high-quality content, increasingly viewed on TV screens. Itâs not social media,â a YouTube statement said, noting it will consider next steps and engage with the government.
Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said Australia would campaign at a United Nations forum in New York in September for international support for banning children from social media.
âI know from the discussions Iâve had with other leaders that they are looking at this and they are considering what impact social media is having on young people in their respective nations,â Albanese said. âIt is a common experience. This is not an Australian experience.â
Last year, the government commissioned an evaluation of age assurance technologies that was to report last month on how young children could be excluded from social media.
The government had yet to receive that evaluationâs final recommendations, Wells said. But she added the platform users wonât have to upload documents such as passports and driverâs licenses to prove their age.
âPlatforms have to provide an alternative to providing your own personal identification documents to satisfy themselves of age,â Wells said. âThese platforms know with deadly accuracy who we are, what we do and when we do it. And they know that youâve had a Facebook account since 2009, so they know that you are over 16.â
Exempt services include online gaming, messaging, education and health apps. They are excluded because they are considered less harmful to children.
The minimum age is intended to address harmful impacts on children including addictive behaviors caused by persuasive or manipulative platform design features, social isolation, sleep interference, poor mental and physical health, low life-satisfaction and exposure to inappropriate and harmful content, government documents say.