COP16: Largest-ever UN meeting on desertification starts in Riyadh

Update COP16: Largest-ever UN meeting on desertification starts in Riyadh
COP16 will run from Dec. 2 to 13. AN
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Updated 02 December 2024

COP16: Largest-ever UN meeting on desertification starts in Riyadh

COP16: Largest-ever UN meeting on desertification starts in Riyadh

RIYADH: The largest-ever meeting of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification has kicked off in Riyadh, with bolstering global drought resilience one of the key goals.

Running from Dec. 2 to 13, the first few days of COP16 are set to see a number of high-profile summits, ministerial dialogues, and announcements to address the pressing challenges associated with land degradation, degradation and drought.

French President Emmanuel Macron is expected to be among the attendees, as is the President of the World Bank Ajay Banga.

The opening day of the event will see use its presidency of the event to launch the Riyadh Global Drought Resilience Initiative, in a bid to accelerate international action in this area.

In tandem, the Saudi Green Initiative Forum, running from Dec. 2 to 3, will include hundreds of policymakers, business leaders and subject matter experts from across the world in a dedicated pavilion in the COP16 Green Zone.

The Second International Forum on Greening Technologies is also set to take place in the Green Zone between Dec 6-8, including dozens of tailored sessions to explore solutions, innovations, and lessons learned from global greening projects, alongside showcasing the scientific research associated with restoration projects around the world.

3:15 p.m. -Riyadh Global Drought Resilience Partnership announced

has announced the launch of the Riyadh Global Drought Resilience Partnership, supported by a $150 million investment, according to a top official.

Speaking during the first plenary meeting, COP16 president Abdulrahman Abdulmohsen Al-Fadhley explained that the initiative aims to promote multilateral efforts in the countries most impacted by drought.

“The launching of the Riyadh Global Drought Resilience Partnership aims at promoting multilateral efforts to promote resilience, namely in the countries most impacted by drought. It includes proactive partnerships to support the UNCCD,” Al-Fadhley said.

“It is my pleasure to announce that the government of the Kingdom of will support this initiative with the amount of $150 million in the coming 10 years,” he added.

2:46 p.m. - EU to ramp up colloboration

The EU is set to intensify global collaboration at COP16 in Riyadh, working with international partners to tackle desertification, land degradation, and drought while addressing food security, biodiversity loss, and water scarcity.

In a press release, the 27 member-state union said these issues are global challenges that require urgent action and scaling up of viable solutions, adding that they, exacerbated by climate change, also aggravate economic, social problems such as migration and forced displacement.

Jessika Roswall, commissioner for environment, water resilience, and competitive circular economy, who is representing the EU atCOP16, said: “The world loses 100 million hectares of healthy and productive land every year - around twice the size of France. Without rich and fertile soils, we have no food. Without healthy land, people lose their livelihoods.”

The statement further said that the EU advocates for strengthening the implementation of the UNCCD both within the current framework and beyond 2030, underlining that it is crucial for the union that parties agree on a ‘solid budget’ for the Convention secretariat to carry out the decisions made at the COP.

1:58p.m. – New group announced to support COP16 policy making




Osama Faqeeha, Saudi deputy minister of environment and advisor to the COP16 president.

aims to secure concrete outcomes from COP16 with the establishment of a “Friends of the Chair” group, tasked with drafting the Riyadh Policy Declaration, a key outcome document of the conference.

Osama Faqeeha, Saudi deputy minister of environment and advisor to the COP16 president, announced the formation of the group, emphasizing its role in shaping the conference’s ministerial declaration.

“The Friends of the Chair group will be facilitated by a group representing the COP presidency, and a report on the outcomes of its work will be submitted directly to me in my capacity as President,” Faqeeha stated.

12:52 p.m. – ‘Action cannot wait’

Amina Mohammed, deputy secretary-general of the UN, called for urgent global action, particularly around strengthening international cooperation on land degradation, ramping up restoration work, and mobilizing finance at scale.

“Land sustains us, and we are destroying it. Action cannot wait,” she said.

11:44 a.m - COP16 President speaks

COP16 PresidentAbdulrahman Al-Fadhley, also the Kingdom’s minister of environment, used his speech toemphasized the Kingdom’s commitment to combating desertification, adding: “The Middle East is one of the regions most impacted by land degradation, drought, and desertification. We seek to address environmental challenges in partnership with the international community.”

The environment minister highlighted Vision 2030 as a cornerstone for the Kingdom’s green agenda, saying: “Protecting the environment and natural resources is essential for achieving sustainable development and quality of life.”

10.43 a.m. - Private sector funding crucial to tackling degradation, UN executive says




Ibrahim Thiaw,executive secretary of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification. UNCCD

Restoring the world’s degraded land and holding back its deserts will require at least $2.6 trillion in investment by the end of the decade, the UN executive overseeing global talks on the issue told Reuters, quantifying the cost for the first time.

More frequent and severe droughts as a result of climate change combined with the food needs of a rising population meant societies were at greater risk of upheaval unless action was taken, Ibrahim Thiaw said.

A large chunk of the around $1 billion a day that is required will need to come from the private sector, said Thiaw, who is executive secretary of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification.

“The bulk of the investments on land restoration in the world is coming from public money. And that is not right. Because essentially the main driver of land degradation in the world is food production... which is in the hands of the private sector,” Thiaw said, adding that as of now it provides only 6 percent of the money needed to rehabilitate damaged land.

“How come that one hand is degrading the land and the other hand has the charge of restoring it and repairing it?,” said Thiaw, whilst acknowledging the responsibility of governments to set and enforce good land-use policies and regulations.

With a growing population meaning that the world needs to produce twice as much food on the same amount of land, private sector investment would be critical, he said.

To hit $2.6 trillion — approaching the annual economic output of France — the world needs to close an annual gap of $278 billion, after just $66 billion was invested in 2022, the UN said.

10:36 a.m. -Abdulrahman Abdulmohsen Al-Fadhley elected as COP16 president


Closing Bell: Saudi main market opens week in green at 11,528

Closing Bell: Saudi main market opens week in green at 11,528
Updated 05 October 2025

Closing Bell: Saudi main market opens week in green at 11,528

Closing Bell: Saudi main market opens week in green at 11,528

RIYADH: The Saudi Exchange ended Sunday’s session higher, with the Tadawul All Share Index rising 0.29 percent to close at 11,528.59 points, gaining 32.87 points.  

Total trading volume reached 248.78 million shares, with a turnover of SR4.30 billion ($1.15 billion). Market breadth was positive, with 176 gainers against 79 decliners.  

The MSCI Tadawul 30 Index edged up 0.15 percent to 1,501.95 points, while the parallel market Nomu increased 0.67 percent to close at 25,475.72 points.  

Obeikan Glass Co. led the gainers, climbing 7.72 percent to SR36.00. National Shipping Co. of followed with a 5.66 percent rise to SR29.86, while Sport Clubs Co. gained 5.17 percent to SR11.19.   

Al Khaleej Training and Education Co. added 5.06 percent to SR27.84, and Amlak International for Real Estate Finance Co. rose 4.75 percent to SR12.79.  

Among the day’s top decliners, Sumou Real Estate Co. dropped 2.58 percent to SR39.20, and Northern Region Cement Co. slipped 2.18 percent to SR8.06.   

Saudi Reinsurance Co. fell 2.01 percent to SR47.74, Naseej International Trading Co. was down 2.00 percent to SR88, and Derayah Financial Co. decreased 1.76 percent to SR30.20.  

On the announcements front, Shmoh AlMadi Co. said its board of directors approved the distribution of cash dividends amounting to SR4.7 million for the first half of the 2025 fiscal year.  

The dividend represents SR0.50 per share, or 10 percent of the share’s nominal value. Eligibility will be for shareholders owning shares at the end of trading on Oct. 12, with distribution scheduled for Oct. 22 through the Securities Depository Center Co.   

The company’s shares closed at SR13.20, rising 9.73 percent.  

Meanwhile, Atlas Elevators General Trading and Contracting Co. announced its board of directors approved cash dividends totaling SR2.9 million for the first half of fiscal year 2025.   

The payout amounts to SR0.50 per share, or 8.47 percent of the share’s nominal value. Eligible shareholders are those registered at the end of trading on Oct. 9, with distribution starting Oct. 21 via Edaa.  

Atlas Elevators shares ended at SR16.75, down 0.30 percent. 


to serve as regional HQ for fintech growth, says Paymentology CEO

 to serve as regional HQ for fintech growth, says Paymentology CEO
Updated 05 October 2025

to serve as regional HQ for fintech growth, says Paymentology CEO

 to serve as regional HQ for fintech growth, says Paymentology CEO

RIYADH: is emerging as a key fintech hub in the Middle East, prompting the UK-based card issuing and payment processing firm Paymentology to formalize its operations in Riyadh.  

The company plans to designate its Saudi office as its regional headquarters, CEO Jeff Parker said. 

Speaking to Asharq at the Money20/20 Middle East conference in September, Parker said the move reflects Paymentology’s long-term commitment to the Kingdom. The company has obtained commercial registration in Riyadh to expand its on-the-ground presence. 

has set ambitious fintech targets under its Vision 2030 agenda, aiming to increase the share of cashless transactions to 70 percent by 2025.  

The Kingdom’s payments landscape is undergoing rapid transformation, with the Saudi Central Bank, also known as SAMA, reporting that electronic payments accounted for 79 percent of total retail transactions in 2024, up from 70 percent in 2023. 

“We have been active in for about four years. But to cement and take advantage of the opportunity, we need a physical presence. So, very excited to say that we have registered now as a Saudi company,” Parker said. 

He added that the Saudi market is evolving and clearly digitalizing rapidly. “The trend toward digitalization and financial inclusion is really going to continue,” he said, noting that the company considers its regional headquarters. He said the next step is to start building a team and that Paymentology wants to hire a leader for the region. 

Parker also highlighted Paymentology’s confidence in its growth prospects in the Kingdom, citing the opportunities in the fintech sector and the country’s growing population. 

During the event, Paymentology signed a memorandum of understanding with Saudi-based remittance and digital payments provider Enjaz. 

“We signed a strategic partnership with Enjaaz. We think that is a great opportunity for us, very much aligned with Vision 2030 and providing financial inclusion for the region,” said Parker.  

In a separate statement, Bassam AlEidy, CEO of Enjaz, said the collaboration represents “a major step in shaping the future of payments in , delivering innovation that is inclusive, dynamic, and tailored to the needs of our market.” 

He added: “At Enjaz, our focus has always been on giving our customers speed, convenience, and security, whether they are transferring money abroad or making everyday payments. By collaborating with Paymentology, we can now extend our card services that expand choice and enhance financial freedom.” 


Oman’s GDP grows 0.6% in Q2 as non-oil sectors offset oil decline

Oman’s GDP grows 0.6% in Q2 as non-oil sectors offset oil decline
Updated 05 October 2025

Oman’s GDP grows 0.6% in Q2 as non-oil sectors offset oil decline

Oman’s GDP grows 0.6% in Q2 as non-oil sectors offset oil decline

RIYADH: Oman’s gross domestic product at current prices grew by 0.6 percent in the second quarter of 2025, reaching 10.17 billion Omani rials ($26.4 billion) compared to 10.10 billion rials during the same period in 2024.

According to preliminary data released by the National Centre for Statistics and Information, this growth was largely driven by a 4 percent increase in non-oil activities, which rose to 7.05 billion rials from 6.78 billion a year earlier.  

At constant prices, Oman’s economy showed firmer underlying momentum. GDP at constant prices reached 9.4 billion rials, a 2.1 percent increase, with total non-petroleum activities up 4.1 percent year on year and petroleum activities edging higher by 0.5 percent.  

The economic expansion was supported by robust performance in the services sector, which climbed 7 percent to 4.85 billion rials, and in agriculture and fisheries, which saw a 9.8 percent increase to 310.3 million rials.

This modest GDP growth aligns with the continued expansion of Oman’s Islamic finance sector. According to the Central Bank of Oman, total assets of Islamic banks and windows reached 9.1 billion rials by the end of July, accounting for 19.7 percent of the total banking sector assets and marking a 16.8 percent increase compared to the same period last year.   

Financing provided by Islamic institutions rose by 12.5 percent to 7.2 billion rials, with deposits also growing by 16.1 percent to 7.2 billion rials, reflecting strong liquidity and lending activity in the sector.  

In terms of the GDP performance, the decline in oil activities was offset by a significant surge in natural gas output, which recorded a 40.7 percent increase in added value, reaching 803.6 million rials in the second quarter of the year compared to 570.9 million rials in the same quarter of 2024. 


Kuwait, Qatar non-oil economies expand as Egypt’s private sector contracts: S&P Global

Kuwait, Qatar non-oil economies expand as Egypt’s private sector contracts: S&P Global
Updated 05 October 2025

Kuwait, Qatar non-oil economies expand as Egypt’s private sector contracts: S&P Global

Kuwait, Qatar non-oil economies expand as Egypt’s private sector contracts: S&P Global

RIYADH: The non-oil private sectors of Kuwait and Qatar continued to expand in September, though at a softer pace, while Egypt saw business conditions weaken amid a sharper fall in new orders, an economy tracker showed. 

According to S&P Global’s latest Purchasing Managers’ Index survey, Kuwait’s PMI eased to 52.2 from 53 in August, and Qatar’s headline reading slipped to 51.5 from 51.9, both remaining comfortably above the neutral 50 mark that separates growth from contraction.  

Egypt’s PMI, however, declined to 48.8 from 49.2, signaling a renewed deterioration in non-oil activity. 

The steady momentum in Kuwait’s non-oil business activity mirrors the broader trend across the Gulf Cooperation Council, where economies are pushing to diversify and reduce reliance on oil revenues. 

The report noted that Kuwait’s non-oil private sector remained in expansionary territory as the third quarter drew to a close, though growth showed signs of softening. 

“Although there were further signs of a growth slowdown in Kuwait’s non-oil private sector in September, rates of expansion remained solid, so there is little cause for alarm at this stage,” said Andrew Harker, economics director at S&P Global Market Intelligence.  

He added: “Indeed, firms remain confident that their pipeline of work will be sufficient to keep output rising over the coming year.”  

Companies reporting higher orders attributed the growth to promotional efforts and competitive pricing strategies, while advertising helped secure new business. 

Driven by cost considerations, firms increased staffing only marginally in September despite growing output requirements. As a result, outstanding business accumulated for the twelfth consecutive month, at the same pace as in August. 

“Nevertheless, the slowdown in growth is unlikely to improve the hiring situation, with firms remaining reluctant to commit to material increases in employment despite a sustained build-up of outstanding business,” said Harker.  

Looking ahead, non-oil firms in Kuwait expressed optimism supported by competitive pricing, new product development, and strong customer service. 

Qatar maintains steady growth 

Qatar’s non-energy sector posted a sustained improvement in business conditions in September, rounding off its strongest quarter of 2025 so far. 

The country’s PMI edged down slightly to 51.5 from 51.9 in August, indicating moderate growth, according to S&P Global. 

“Qatar’s non-energy private sector continued to report an overall improvement in business conditions in September. Moreover, the headline PMI trended at 51.6 over the third quarter as a whole, signalling a slightly stronger performance than 51.1 in the first quarter and 51.2 in the second quarter of 2025,” said Trevor Balchin, economics director at S&P Global Market Intelligence.  

The rate of job creation among Qatari non-energy firms eased in September compared to August but remained among the strongest in the survey’s history, as companies continued hiring to meet workloads and boost capacity. 

S&P Global added that output in Qatar’s non-energy private sector rose in September, marking the fourth expansion in the past six months. 

“The overall improvement in business conditions was underpinned by growth of employment, output and inventories in September, while lower new orders and shorter suppliers’ delivery times weighed on the headline figure,” said Balchin. 

Firms continued to raise wages strongly in September, with inflation remaining among the highest in the survey’s history. 

Looking ahead, business confidence among non-oil firms was supported by expectations of growth in the real estate sector, increased demand from a rising expatriate population, marketing drives, and ongoing investment and development activity. 

Egypt loses momentum 

In Egypt, the PMI fell to a three-month low of 48.8 in September from 49.2 in August, as incoming new orders dropped at the fastest pace in five months. 

S&P Global noted that while operating conditions in Egypt’s non-oil private sector continued to worsen, the overall downturn was modest, helped by easing input cost pressures. 

“The latest survey data pointed to a further decline in operating conditions across Egypt’s non-oil economy; however, the downturn remained less steep than the survey trend and modest overall,” said David Owen, senior economist at S&P Global Market Intelligence.  

He added: “Although companies are struggling to gain new work amid challenging market conditions as a whole, they can take some comfort from a softening of input cost pressures, driven by the pound’s strengthening against the US dollar over recent months.”  

Survey panellists attributed the drop in sales and new orders to subdued economic conditions, higher prices, and rising wage pressures. 

The reduction in sales coincided with stalled employment growth and weaker business confidence, with nearly all surveyed firms reporting no change in their workforce in September. 

Prices charged by non-oil businesses rose for the fifth consecutive month, although the pace of inflation eased slightly from August. 

“The pace of inflation was moderate but eased slightly from August. Price rises were mainly carried out in order to pass higher costs through to customers, according to respondents,” said S&P Global.  


opens October ‘Sah’ Sukuk offering 4.83% return

 opens October ‘Sah’ Sukuk offering 4.83% return
Updated 05 October 2025

opens October ‘Sah’ Sukuk offering 4.83% return

 opens October ‘Sah’ Sukuk offering 4.83% return

JEDDAH: has opened subscriptions for its October issuance of the government-backed “Sah” savings sukuk, offering investors an annual return of 4.83 percent, slightly lower than the 4.88 percent offered in September. 

The subscription window runs from 10 a.m. on Oct. 5 to 3 p.m. on Oct. 7, according to the National Debt Management Center. Allocation is scheduled for Oct. 14, while redemption will take place between Oct. 19 and 21, with payments disbursed on Oct. 26. 

The sukuk initiative is part of the 2025 issuance calendar managed by the Ministry of Finance’s National Debt Management Center and is designed to strengthen the domestic savings market and broaden financial inclusion. 

Launched under the Financial Sector Development Program — a core element of Vision 2030 — Sah aims to raise the national savings rate to 10 percent by 2030, up from about 6 percent currently. The initiative reflects the Kingdom’s ongoing efforts to provide Shariah-compliant investment opportunities for individual investors. 

With a minimum subscription of SR1,000 ($266) and a maximum of SR200,000 per individual, the offering forms part of the NDMC’s strategy to expand the domestic sukuk program, enhance financial inclusion, and diversify investment opportunities for the public. 

The sukuk, denominated in Saudi riyals, carries a one-year maturity and offers fixed returns paid at redemption. Subscriptions are available exclusively to Saudi nationals aged 18 and above through approved investment platforms, including SNB Capital, Aljazira Capital, Alinma Investment, SAB Invest, and Al-Rajhi Capital. 

In mid-September, the NDMC announced the completion of investor subscriptions for that month’s issuance, with a total allocation of SR8.036 billion. 

According to a statement from the center at that time, the issuance was divided into five tranches: the first tranche amounted to SR1.240 billion maturing in 2027. The second tranche totaled SR1.053 billion with a maturity in 2029, while the third amounted to SR795 million and will mature in 2032. 

The fourth tranche totaled SR1.271 billion and will mature in 2036, and the fifth tranche amounted to SR3.677 billion with maturity in 2039. 

Unlike conventional bonds, the sukuk’s returns are structured to comply with Shariah principles. Designed as a secure, low-risk savings instrument, it carries no fees and offers easy redemption, with returns aligned to prevailing market benchmarks.