Who recognizes the State of Palestine, who doesn’t, and why does it matter?

Who recognizes the State of Palestine, who doesn’t, and why does it matter?
A protester waves a Palestinian flag during a march asking for the “recognition of the State of Palestine and the end of the genocide,” in Paris. (Bertrand Guay/AFP)
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Who recognizes the State of Palestine, who doesn’t, and why does it matter?

Who recognizes the State of Palestine, who doesn’t, and why does it matter?
  • At least 144 countries out of 193 UN members already recognize the State of Palestine
  • Algeria became the first country to officially recognize a Palestinian state on November 15, 1988

PARIS: Britain, Australia and Canada on Sunday recognized a Palestinian state after nearly two years of war in the Gaza Strip, with France, Belgium and other countries poised to follow suit at the United Nations General Assembly in New York.
Here is an overview of diplomatic recognition of the state, which was unilaterally proclaimed by the Palestinian leadership in exile in 1988.
Of the territory claimed by the state, Israel currently occupies the West Bank and the Gaza Strip is largely in ruins.

Which countries recognize or will recognize the State of Palestine?

Answer: three-quarters of UN members.
According to an AFP tally, at least 144 countries out of 193 UN members already recognize the State of Palestine.
AFP has not yet obtained recent confirmation from three African countries.
The count includes Britain and Canada — the first G7 countries to do so — and Australia.
Portugal was expected to follow suit soon, and several other countries including France, Belgium, Luxembourg and Malta are expected to do the same during a summit on the future of the two-state solution chaired by France and on Monday at UN headquarters.
Russia, alongside all Arab countries, almost all African and Latin American countries, and most Asian countries including India and China are already on the list.
Algeria became the first country to officially recognize a Palestinian state on November 15, 1988, minutes after late Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) leader Yasser Arafat unilaterally proclaimed an independent Palestinian state.
Dozens of other countries followed suit in the following weeks and months, and another wave of recognitions came in late 2010 and early 2011.
The Israeli offensive in Gaza, which was sparked by the Palestinian Islamist organization Hamas’s attack in Israel on October 7, 2023, has already driven another 12 countries to recognize the state.

Who does not?

Answer: at least 46 countries, including Israel, the United States and their allies.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s government completely rejects the idea of a Palestinian state.
Japan, South Korea and Singapore are the Asian countries that do not recognize Palestine.
Neither does Cameroon in Africa, Panama in Latin America and most countries in Oceania.
Europe is the most divided continent on the issue, and is split almost 50-50 over Palestinian statehood.
Until the mid-2010s, the only countries recognizing the State of Palestine apart from Turkiye were those of the former Soviet bloc.
Now, some former Eastern-bloc countries such as Hungary and the Czech Republic do not recognize a Palestinian state at a bilateral level.
Western and northern Europe were until now united in non-recognition, with the exception of Sweden, which extended recognition in 2014.
But the war in Gaza has upended things, with Norway, Spain, Ireland and Slovenia following in Sweden’s footsteps to recognize the state in 2024, before the United Kingdom did so on Sunday.
Italy and Germany do not plan on recognizing a Palestinian state.

What does recognition mean?

Romain Le Boeuf, a professor in international law at the University of Aix-Marseille in southern France, described recognition of Palestinian statehood as “one of the most complicated questions” in international law, “a little like a halfway point between the political and juridical.”
He told AFP states were free to choose the timing and form of recognition, with great variations that are either explicit or implicit.
According to Le Boeuf, there is no office to register recognitions.
“The Palestinian Authority in the West Bank puts all they consider to be acts of recognition on its own list, but from a purely subjective point of view. In the same way, other states will say that they have or have not recognized, but without really having to justify themselves,” he said.
However, there is one point on which international law is quite clear: “Recognition does not mean that a state has been created, no more than the lack of recognition prevents the state from existing.”
While recognition carries largely symbolic and political weight, three-quarters of countries say “that Palestine meets all the necessary conditions to be a state,” he said.
“I know for many people this seems only symbolic, but actually in terms of symbolism, it is sort of a game changer,” lawyer and Franco-British law professor Philippe Sands wrote in the New York Times in mid-August 2025.
“Because once you recognize Palestinian statehood... you essentially put Palestine and Israel on level footing in terms of their treatment under international law.”


Ecuador to vote in November on whether to allow foreign military bases, says Electoral Council

Ecuador to vote in November on whether to allow foreign military bases, says Electoral Council
Updated 5 sec ago

Ecuador to vote in November on whether to allow foreign military bases, says Electoral Council

Ecuador to vote in November on whether to allow foreign military bases, says Electoral Council
  • The US has announced that it will maintain strong cooperation with the Ecuadorean government in its fight against criminal organizations
  • Ecuador hosted a US military base for a decade until 2009 in the coastal city of Manta of the Pacific Ocean

QUITO: On Sunday, Ecuador’s Electoral Council approved the holding of a referendum in November for citizens to decide whether to allow foreign military bases in the South American country, part of President Daniel Noboa’s plan to combat drug trafficking.
The referendum will be held November 16 and will include another initiative to eliminate a provision requiring a portion of state funds to be allocated to political parties.
“We approve the call, guidelines, operational plan, budget, risk and contingency matrix, and calendar for the 2025 Referendum,” Diana Atamaint, president of the National Electoral Council (CNE), posted on X.
Noboa has said that drug trafficking gangs operate through international networks, so it is necessary to act jointly with other countries to effectively combat them. The United States has announced that it will maintain strong cooperation with the Ecuadorean government in its fight against criminal organizations.
But Ecuador’s opposition groups say foreign military presence alone will not solve the country’s security problems and that the government needs a clear plan to combat crime.
The coastal city of Manta, on the Pacific Ocean, hosted the US military base for a decade until 2009. Since 2008, Ecuador’s Constitution has prohibited foreign military bases in the country, following a decision by leftist President Rafael Correa not to renew the permits.
Earlier this year, the former president said on his X account the move would be “an insult to our public forces and an assault to our sovereignty.”
“We do not need foreign soldiers. We need government,” he said.


Pope Leo decries ‘forced exile’ of Gaza civilians

Pope Leo XIV speaks as he appears to lead the weekly Angelus prayer, at the Vatican, September 21, 2025. (REUTERS)
Pope Leo XIV speaks as he appears to lead the weekly Angelus prayer, at the Vatican, September 21, 2025. (REUTERS)
Updated 40 min 13 sec ago

Pope Leo decries ‘forced exile’ of Gaza civilians

Pope Leo XIV speaks as he appears to lead the weekly Angelus prayer, at the Vatican, September 21, 2025. (REUTERS)
  • Leo's role in advocating for peace in Gaza has become starker since Israel struck the territory's only Catholic church in July

VATICAN CITY: Pope Leo spoke out against the forced displacement of Gaza civilians on Sunday as Israel intensified its military demolition campaign in the Palestinian enclave's main city.
"Together with the pastors of the churches in the Holy Land, I repeat that there is no future based on violence, forced exile, and revenge," the Pope said during his weekly Angelus prayer.
The Holy Land encompasses parts of modern-day Israel, the occupied Palestinian territories, Jordan, and Egypt, which are sacred to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
Leo's role in advocating for peace in Gaza has become starker since Israel struck the territory's only Catholic church in July.
"The people need peace. Those who truly love them work for peace," the first pope from the US added.
Meanwhile, Israeli strikes in Gaza City and at a refugee camp killed more than 40 people, including 19 women and children.
Health officials at Shifa Hospital, where most of the bodies were brought, said the dead included 14 people killed in a strike late on Saturday, which hit a residential block in the southern side of the city. 
Health staff said a nurse who worked at the hospital was among the dead, along with his wife and three children.
Another strike that targeted a group of people in front of a clinic in the Bureij refugee camp in central Gaza killed at least eight Palestinians, according to the Al-Awda Hospital. 
The dead include four children and two women, the hospital said. Another 22 people were wounded, it said.

 


French towns fly Palestinian flag despite govt orders

French towns fly Palestinian flag despite govt orders
Updated 53 min 37 sec ago

French towns fly Palestinian flag despite govt orders

French towns fly Palestinian flag despite govt orders
  • The Palestinian flag has been flying at the town hall of Malakoff, a suburb of Paris, since Friday

PARIS: Some French mayors have defied government orders and flown Palestinian flags on town halls, with more expected to follow suit as France prepares to recognize a Palestinian state at the UN General Assembly formally.
It’s unclear how many cities will join the initiative on Monday after Socialist leader Olivier Faure’s call to fly the flags despite warnings from the Interior Ministry against such displays in a country with both Europe’s largest Jewish and Muslim populations.
But the call has been gaining momentum as Palestinian flags have been more and more visible in France over the nearly two-year war in Gaza.
Palestinian banners were on display during demonstrations this week, as part of a large-scale protest day across the country, which criticized several policies by French President Emmanuel Macron and his government.
France's planned recognition of a Palestinian state will not include the opening of an embassy until Hamas frees the hostages it is holding in Gaza, Macron said in an interview that aired on Sunday.
"It will be, for us, a requirement very clearly before opening, for instance, an embassy in Palestine," Macron told CBS News in an interview taped on Thursday.
The Palestinian flag has been flying at the town hall of Malakoff, a suburb of Paris, since Friday. 
The city mayor, Jacqueline Belhomme, told The Associated Press on Sunday she was ordered to take it down but refused to comply.
“We stand with the Palestinian people; it is something symbolically important, just as we did some time ago with the Ukrainian flag when we stood with the Ukrainian people who were under attack by Russia.”
In southwestern France, the communist mayor of Mauleon-Licharre, a town of 3,000 residents, raised a Palestinian flag on Friday but removed it the next day after the case was referred to an administrative court.
“The flag is now in my office. This is an attack on my freedom of thought,” Mayor Louis Labadot told local radio station Ici Pays Basque.
The war in Gaza and the broader Israeli-Palestinian conflict are expected to be at the top of the agenda of world leaders at their annual gathering at the UN General Assembly starting Monday.
Mathieu Hanotin, the mayor of Saint-Denis, the Paris suburb hosting the national soccer stadium, said he will fly the Palestinian flag in a solidarity gesture with the Palestinian people.
In western France, the city of Nantes also plans to raise the Palestinian flag on the city hall building, said Mayor Johanna Rolland, a Socialist.
“For municipalities that wish to join, through a symbolic gesture, France’s recognition of the state of Palestine, I believe it makes sense. I will do so without hesitation,” she said.
In a note sent to the state’s representatives in regions, France’s Interior Ministry instructed them to oppose the display of Palestinian flags on town halls and other public buildings, citing the risks of importing an ongoing international conflict onto national territory.
“The principle of neutrality in public service prohibits such displays,” the ministry said, adding that any decisions by mayors to fly the Palestinian flag should be referred to administrative courts.
“The front of a town hall is not a billboard. Only the tricolor flag — our colors, our values — has the right to be represented in what remains, for us, a common home,” Interior Minister Bruno Retailleau said on Saturday.
Ian Brossat, a spokesman for the French Communist Party, accused Retailleau of contradicting France’s official position.
“The interior minister disagrees with French diplomacy. He does not support the recognition of a Palestinian state, unlike the president,” Brossat told BFM TV. 
“By asserting his personal beliefs instead of upholding the position of the French Republic, which is to recognize a Palestinian state, he is taking France and its diplomacy hostage.”
In June, Nice city mayor Christian Estrosi, who had put on display Israeli flags on the Riviera city’s town hall to show his support for hostages held by Hamas, was forced by a court decision to remove them.
The Socialist mayor of Paris suburb Saint-Ouen, Karim Bouamrane, said he would display both the Israeli and Palestinian flags on the facade of his town hall in a bid to carry a message of peace.
“We are one community, the republican community,” he told RMC radio. “The community I stand for is that of peace: I do not want to pit Muslims against Jews, nor activists against Hamas supporters and those against (Benjamin) Netanyahu, the Israeli prime minister.”

 


Guinea votes in referendum boycotted by opposition

Guinea votes in referendum boycotted by opposition
Updated 21 September 2025

Guinea votes in referendum boycotted by opposition

Guinea votes in referendum boycotted by opposition
  • Vote opens the way for stalled political elections in the West African nation

CONAKRY: Guineans began casting ballots Sunday on a draft constitution that would pave the way for elections but also permit the junta leader who seized power four years ago to run for president, in a referendum boycotted by the opposition.

The vote, which Guineans and the international community have been awaiting for years, opens the way for stalled political elections in the West African nation.
The country has been ruled by General Mamady Doumbouya since he overthrew elected civilian President Alpha Conde in 2021.
Some 6.7 million Guineans are abled to cast a ballot, out of a population of approximately 14.5 million people.
There was a heavy security presence on the streets of Conakry as polls opened Sunday morning, with armored vehicles and police checkpoints inspecting vehicles in the city center.
At a school in the capital’s Kaloum district, several dozen people queued as polls were monitored by security forces, according to journalists.
“I came to vote of my own free will,” said 23-year-old student Ahmad Diallo, with his voter card in hand.
“This is what everyone is waiting for: to have peace and we want the transition to end.”
First time voter Aisha Camara, 20, she believed the new constitution was “a good thing for Guinea” adding that she “came to support President Doumbouya.”
Results are not expected until Tuesday evening at the earliest, according to the country’s election body.
Authorities deployed no fewer than 45,000 members of the defense and security forces across the country on Sunday to secure the vote, along with 1,000 light and armored vehicles and combat helicopters, the National Gendarmerie said.
Guinea’s military initially pledged to return power to civilians before the end of 2024.
Although its authorities are now promising presidential and legislative elections before the end of the year, the junta has not yet set a date.
Campaigning has been strong in the referendum’s “yes” camp: rallies, marching bands and posters depicting 40-year-old Doumbouya have been prevalent throughout the country.
The “no” campaign, however, was virtually non-existent, mainly taking place on social media and often led by the junta’s critics abroad who fled the country’s crackdown on dissent.
Since 2022, the junta has banned demonstrations and has arrested, prosecuted or pushed into exile several opposition leaders, some of whom were victims of forced disappearances.
On Aug. 23, the junta suspended two of the country’s main opposition parties for three months.
Several media outlets have additionally been suspended and journalists arrested, creating a climate of fear in the press.
Given that context, Guinea’s opposition has called on voters to stay home, denouncing the vote as a “charade” for the junta to keep its hold on power, with the referendum’s outcome determined in advance.
If adopted, the new constitution would replace a “transition charter” established by the military government, which had prevented the junta’s leaders, government members and heads of institutions from standing in elections.
The stipulation does not exist in the draft constitution, thereby paving the way for a presidential run by Doumbouya. All signs point to him standing for office.
The draft also requires candidates be between 40 and 80 years of age and have their primary residence in Guinea — effectively excluding two of the main opponents.
Former President Conde, 87, is living in exile in Istanbul, while opposition leader and ex-Prime Minister Cellou Dalein Diallo, age 73, lives in Dakar and Abidjan.
Since Guinea’s 2021 coup, it has remained suspended from the African Union.
Meanwhile the Economic Community of West African States, which sent a mission to Guinea in recent days, has not invited it to participate in its heads of state meetings.
Writing on X, the UN Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner urged “the military authorities to ensure Sunday’s constitutional referendum is peaceful & transparent.”
It added that “recent bans on political parties & media outlets raise serious questions about inclusiveness & free participation for all.”

 

 


Cheers, hugs at Palestinian mission as UK recognizes statehood

Cheers, hugs at Palestinian mission as UK recognizes statehood
Updated 21 September 2025

Cheers, hugs at Palestinian mission as UK recognizes statehood

Cheers, hugs at Palestinian mission as UK recognizes statehood
  • “This is a South Africa moment for Palestine,” the head of the Palestinian Mission to the UK said
  • Palestinian Mission will soon be designated as Palestine’s embassy in Britain

LONDON: As Prime Minister Keir Starmer announced Britain’s landmark decision to recognize the State of Palestine on Sunday, the small team in the Palestinian mission to the UK erupted in cheers of joy.
“This is a historic moment,” beamed Palestinian envoy to the UK Husam Zomlot, watching the televised announcement at the mission in west London.
Canada and Australia took the same step in a coordinated decision marking a pivotal shift in Western foreign policy, with Israel under increasing international pressure over its deadly war with Palestinian militant group Hamas in the Gaza Strip.
“This is a South Africa moment for Palestine,” the head of the Palestinian Mission to the UK told AFP in the building, which will soon be designated as Palestine’s embassy in Britain.
He was referring to the end of South Africa’s white apartheid government in the 1990s, which came after growing international pressure and isolation.
Recognition was an “act of assurances to the Palestinian people that they hope for a better future and ... peace is possible.”
Zomlot was born in a refugee camp in Rafah, in the south of the Gaza Strip. “As a small boy from Rafah, this is all I was raised to know,” he said, gesturing toward the television screen which flashed with breaking news headlines about the recognition of Palestinian statehood.
“Well done, that’s a great moment,” said Zomlot, embracing and congratulating his team, as AFP journalists in the room witnessed Starmer’s announcement after a tense day of anticipation for the mission.
“It’s been decades,” joked one staff member, who wished to remain anonymous.
The UK government had said in July it would recognize Palestinian statehood in September ahead of the annual UN General Assembly unless Israel took “substantive” steps, including reaching a ceasefire in Gaza.
“Today, to revive the hope of peace for the Palestinians and Israelis, and a two-state solution, the United Kingdom formally recognizes the State of Palestine,” Starmer said in a video message posted around 2 p.m. local time (1300 GMT).
“Merely the beginning”
While the recognition, which will be echoed by France, Belgium and other countries at the United Nations next week, is a largely symbolic move, Zomlot said he hoped it would be “actual, practical, actionable.”
“Recognition is not the destination. Recognition is merely the beginning, the first foundational step toward ... making sure that Britain takes its historic responsibility toward the Palestinian people,” said the envoy.
The UK’s Deputy Prime Minister David Lammy told the UN in July it was “with the hand of history on our shoulders” that London planned to recognize Palestinian statehood, given Britain’s pivotal role in creating the State of Israel through the 1917 Balfour Declaration.
The decision is “not only about Palestine,” said Zomlot. “It’s also about Britain. It’s about correcting historic injustice.”
The team will hold a ceremony to mark the announcement on Monday. A carefully folded Palestinian flag, which will be raised outside the building, sits patiently at the reception of the mission waiting to be unfurled.