Egypt posts record $13bn primary surplus despite Suez Canal revenue drop

Egypt posts record $13bn primary surplus despite Suez Canal revenue drop
During a meeting with Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly and Finance Minister Ahmed Kouchouk, President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi was briefed on the country’s preliminary fiscal performance. Facebook/Egyptian Presidency
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Updated 17 August 2025

Egypt posts record $13bn primary surplus despite Suez Canal revenue drop

Egypt posts record $13bn primary surplus despite Suez Canal revenue drop
  • Surplus equated to 3.6% of GDP
  • Results coincided with improvements across all major economic indicators

RIYADH: Egypt posted a record primary surplus of 629 billion Egyptian pounds ($13 billion) in fiscal year 2024–2025, despite a 60 percent drop in Suez Canal revenues, the presidency said in a statement.

During a meeting with Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly and Finance Minister Ahmed Kouchouk, President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi was briefed on the country’s preliminary fiscal performance, which showed a surplus equated to 3.6 percent of gross domestic product.

The result represents an 80 percent increase compared to the 350 billion pounds achieved during the 2023-2024 fiscal year.

The finance minister said the strong performance was delivered despite significant external shocks, most notably the sharp decline in Suez Canal revenues, which cost the budget an estimated 145 billion pounds compared with initial projections.

He added that the results coincided with improvements across all major economic indicators, particularly in private investment, industrial activity, and exports.

Presidency spokesperson Mohamed El-Shennawy said tax revenues also saw a significant increase, rising by 35.3 percent year-on-year to 2.204 trillion pounds.

This marks the highest tax revenue growth in recent years and reflects a broader expansion of Egypt’s tax base.

The finance minister said overall revenues grew by 29 percent, while primary expenditures rose by 16.3 percent.

The minister attributed the performance to a comprehensive tax reform agenda, which includes voluntary taxpayer registration, amicable dispute resolution, and the application of digital tools, including the creation of a dedicated e-commerce unit and the implementation of a tax risk management system.

Between February and August, Egypt received 401,929 requests to resolve longstanding tax disputes, along with more than 650,000 voluntarily submitted new or revised tax filings, generating 77.9 billion pounds in revenue.

Moreover, 104,129 small businesses with annual revenues below 20 million pounds applied for tax benefits under Law No. 6 of 2025.

Kouchouk highlighted the government’s social spending commitments. Over 80,000 critical medical cases were treated at state expense, and 2.3 billion pounds were allocated to cover health insurance for vulnerable citizens in various provinces.

In education, 160,000 teachers were hired for the 2024-2025 academic year to address staffing shortages, at a cost of 4 billion pounds.

A further 6.25 billion pounds was set aside for school meal programs to ensure students receive balanced nutrition and combat malnutrition.

El-Sisi stressed the importance of maintaining strict fiscal discipline to support economic recovery and development, and called for stronger public-private partnerships to achieve sustained growth and financial stability.

He also directed the continuation of efforts to generate primary surpluses and to increase allocations for the “Takaful and Karama” cash transfer welfare programs, as well as for the health and education sectors, as part of broader efforts to alleviate burdens on citizens and promote social justice.


Closing Bell: Saudi main index ends lower at 11,494

Closing Bell: Saudi main index ends lower at 11,494
Updated 12 October 2025

Closing Bell: Saudi main index ends lower at 11,494

Closing Bell: Saudi main index ends lower at 11,494

RIYADH: ’s Tadawul All Share Index dipped on Sunday, losing 88.86 points, or 0.77 percent, to close at 11,494.45. 

The total trading turnover of the benchmark index was SR4.65 billion ($1.24 billion), with 42 stocks advancing and 211 retreating.  

The MSCI Tadawul Index also fell, dropping 13.01 points, or 0.86 percent, to close at 1,496.74. 

The Kingdom’s parallel market Nomu gained 57.44 points, or 0.22 percent, to end at 25,862.86, as 45 listed stocks advanced while 47 retreated.  

The best-performing stock of the session was Maharah Human Resources Co., whose share price surged 9.90 percent to SR5.33. 

Other top performers included Saudi Automotive Services Co., up 7.44 percent to SR70, and National Shipping Co. of , rising 7.24 percent to SR29.64. Savola Group and Al-Omran Industrial Trading Co. followed, climbing 4.80 percent and 3.01 percent to SR26 and SR32.20, respectively. 

On the downside, Naseej International Trading Co. fell to SR80.40, down 9.97 percent.  

Gas Arabian Services Co. slipped to SR15.57, down 4.13 percent, and National Medical Care Co. to SR175.40, down 3.47 percent. Methanol Chemicals Co. dropped to SR10.05, down 3.27 percent, while Tamkeen Human Resource Co. declined to SR58.15, down 2.76 percent. 

On the corporate announcements front, Arabian Centres Co., operating as Cenomi Centers, announced a public offering of Saudi Riyal-denominated Sukuk to refinance existing debt and meet general corporate needs.  

According to a Tadawul statement, the offering follows Capital Market Authority approval on Sept. 16, under the company’s established SR4.5 billion sukuk issuance program. The final issuance amount will depend on market conditions, with Al Rajhi Capital appointed as financial advisor, sole arranger, and dealer for the offering. 

Cenomi Centers’ shares traded 1.64 percent lower, closing at SR22.23. 


SARCO, UAE’s Go Energy partner on ’s green hydrogen push 

SARCO, UAE’s Go Energy partner on ’s green hydrogen push 
Updated 12 October 2025

SARCO, UAE’s Go Energy partner on ’s green hydrogen push 

SARCO, UAE’s Go Energy partner on ’s green hydrogen push 

RIYADH: A green hydrogen and ammonia project is set to take shape in the Kingdom after Refineries Co. signed a non-binding memorandum of understanding with UAE-based Go Energy. 

The deal will see the two companies conduct a joint study on the project and design a legal framework to support their collaboration, SARCO said in a statement to Tadawul.  

The MoU is valid for one year unless extended by mutual agreement, the statement added. 

The deal aligns with ’s wider strategy to generate 50 percent of its electricity from renewable sources by 2030 and to become the world’s largest exporter of green hydrogen, targeting annual production of 1.2 million tonnes by the end of the decade. 

This commitment is part of the broader National Renewable Energy Program strategy, aimed at diversifying ’s energy portfolio and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. 

“SARCO is pleased to announce the signing of a non-binding MoU with the UAE-based GO Energy Company to collaborate on developing the green hydrogen (ammonia) project in ,” the Tadawul-listed firm said.  

SARCO added that the agreement has no immediate financial implications and involves no related parties. The move also reflects the company’s strategy to expand services through specialized energy partnerships. 

Green hydrogen, created through electrolysis powered by renewable energy, is seen as a critical component in reducing global carbon emissions because it produces no greenhouse gases during production. 

With a net-zero emissions target by 2060, is investing heavily in both green and blue hydrogen, with companies like Saudi Aramco and ACWA Power spearheading the energy transition in the Kingdom. 

The Kingdom is also building the world’s largest green hydrogen plant in the futuristic city of NEOM, expected to be operational by December 2026, as confirmed by NEOM Green Hydrogen Co. CEO Wesam Al-Ghamdi in November 2024. 

In July, ACWA Power also signed multiple agreements to export renewable electricity and green hydrogen to Europe, reinforcing the Kingdom’s drive to become a global clean energy hub. 


tops GCC projects market in Q3: report  

 tops GCC projects market in Q3: report  
Updated 12 October 2025

tops GCC projects market in Q3: report  

 tops GCC projects market in Q3: report  

RIYADH: led the Gulf Cooperation Council’s projects market in the third quarter of 2025 with $28.1 billion in contract awards, a new report showed.    

According to Kamco Invest, this represented 51.3 percent of total GCC awards — just over half of regional activity.  

Across the region, total GCC contract awards fell 27 percent year on year to $54.8 billion in the third quarter, with nine-month awards down 30.5 percent to $154.4 billion.  

In its report, Kamco stated: “Contract awards are expected to gain momentum in the fourth quarter of the year, driven primarily by recoveries in and the UAE.”   

It added: “However, despite a strong project pipeline, overall project awards in 2025 in the GCC are expected to decline and fall short of the 2024 record contract awards.”   

Sectorally, six of the GCC’s eight industries recorded year-on-year declines in the third quarter. Construction dropped 62.4 percent to $11.1 billion and power decreased 13.3 percent to $17.1 billion, while gas and oil were the only sectors to post growth.    

Within , power led with $9.8 billion in awards, compared with $17.1 billion a year earlier, while construction totaled $5.2 billion; there were no chemical sector awards and oil stood at $3.9 billion.     

Notable awards included an $853 million road package for Almabani General Contractors and a $167 million contract for a Pirelli tyre plant in King Abdullah Economic City. Over the first nine months, awards nearly halved to $61.5 billion from $116.6 billion.    

’s lead comes as contracts awarded under its giga-projects surged 20 percent in 2025 to $196 billion, according to Knight Frank.     

The report said the increase reflects a clear shift from planning to execution across major developments, particularly in real estate, tourism, and infrastructure, signaling steady progress in the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 diversification drive.    

Kamco’s report stated: “Overall project activity in has been sluggish throughout 2025. However, the Kingdom’s broader economic performance has been better than previously expected.” 

In the UAE, third-quarter awards fell 65.8 percent year on year to $6.7 billion, moving the country from the GCC’s largest projects market in the second quarter to third place in the third quarter.   

Over the first nine months, awards declined 18.0 percent to $59.7 billion. Construction led with $5.4 billion despite a 56.2 percent slide, and there were no oil and gas awards in the quarter.    

Major announcements included a $593 million contract for Sharjah’s Madar Mall and a $300 million award for the Erisha Smart Manufacturing Hub in Ras Al-Khaimah.   

Qatar was a bright spot, with contract awards jumping 115.9 percent year on year to $13.6 billion in the third quarter and rising 27.6 percent to $20.5 billion over the first nine months, supported by preparations for the 2030 Asian Games.   

Oil and gas led sector allocations, and China Offshore Oil Engineering won roughly $4 billion of contracts for the Bul Hanine offshore field.   

Kuwait’s market improved, with third-quarter awards up 33.8 percent year on year to $4.3 billion and first-nine-months awards up 25.3 percent to $7 billion.   

The quarter was dominated by the $4 billion Al Zour North IWPP phases two and three, alongside an $84 million upstream oil contract and a $65 million public-buildings package in Al Mutlaa Residential City.   

Looking ahead, Kamco expects awards to gain momentum in the fourth quarter on recoveries in and the UAE, although full-year 2025 awards are still seen finishing below 2024’s record.   

The GCC’s pre-execution pipeline totals about $1.78 trillion, led by construction with $624.2 billion, transport with $300 billion and power with $294.2 billion.   

accounts for roughly $887 billion of upcoming projects and the UAE $434.0 billion; Saudi Aramco plans 99 projects over the next three years and currently has about $50 billion of engineering, procurement, and construction contracts under execution. 


Oman’s banking sector credit surpasses $88.69bn by end of August 

Oman’s banking sector credit surpasses $88.69bn by end of August 
Updated 12 October 2025

Oman’s banking sector credit surpasses $88.69bn by end of August 

Oman’s banking sector credit surpasses $88.69bn by end of August 

JEDDAH: Oman’s banking sector continued its steady growth in August 2025, with total credit rising 8.6 percent year on year to 34.1 billion Omani rials ($88.69 billion), while private sector lending increased 6.5 percent, official data showed. 

Sectoral distribution data indicated that non-financial corporates accounted for the largest share at 46.7 percent, followed by households at 44.7 percent, according to a statement from the Central Bank of Oman.  

The remaining portion was allocated to financial corporations at 5.7 percent and other sectors at 2.9 percent. 

Oman’s robust banking sector, coupled with strong performance from listed companies, reflects the nation’s steady progress toward Vision 2040, which emphasizes economic diversification, private sector growth, and financial resilience. 

Rising credit flows, particularly to non-financial corporates and households, are fueling the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and domestic investment, supporting efforts to reduce reliance on hydrocarbons and build a more diversified economy. 

“Total deposits held with ODCs registered a Y-o-Y significant growth of 7 percent to reach 33.3 billion rials at the end of August 2025. Total private sector deposits increased by 7.5 percent to OMR 22.4 billion,” CBO said in a release. 

In terms of sectoral composition, households held the largest share of private sector deposits at 50 percent, followed by non-financial corporates at 30.6 percent, financial corporations at 17.2 percent, and other sectors at 2.2 percent. 

The combined balance sheet of conventional banks showed a 7.3 percent year-on-year growth in total outstanding credit by the end of August. Credit to the private sector rose 4.5 percent to 21.4 billion rials, while overall investments in securities increased 3.2 percent to 6.1 billion rials. 

Investments in government development bonds grew 12 percent to 2.2 billion rials, whereas foreign securities declined 7 percent to 2.3 billion rials, according to the CBO report. 

On the liabilities side, aggregate deposits with conventional banks rose 5.5 percent year on year to 26.1 billion rials at the end of August. Government deposits increased 9.6 percent to 5.9 billion rials, while public enterprise deposits fell 7.8 percent to 1.7 billion rials. Private sector deposits, representing 67 percent of total deposits, grew 6.1 percent to 17.5 billion rials. 

The CBO also noted that the total assets of Islamic banks and windows grew 15.1 percent year on year to 9.1 billion rials, representing about 19.7 percent of the banking system’s total assets at the end of August. 

“Islamic banking entities provided financing of OMR 7.3 billion at the end of August 2025, recording a growth of 13.5 percent over that a year ago. Total deposits held with Islamic banks and windows increased by 12.9 percent to OMR 7.2 billion,” it added. 


Egypt’s credit rating upgraded by S&P to ‘B’; Fitch affirms stable outlook 

Egypt’s credit rating upgraded by S&P to ‘B’; Fitch affirms stable outlook 
Updated 12 October 2025

Egypt’s credit rating upgraded by S&P to ‘B’; Fitch affirms stable outlook 

Egypt’s credit rating upgraded by S&P to ‘B’; Fitch affirms stable outlook 

RIYADH: Egypt’s credit rating was raised by S&P Global to ‘B’ from ‘B-’, while Fitch reaffirmed its ‘B’ rating, citing reform progress and macroeconomic stability. 

S&P said the upgrade reflects reforms implemented over the past 18 months, including the liberalization of the foreign exchange regime, which boosted competitiveness and fueled a rebound in growth.  

In September, Egypt’s Ministry of Planning, Economic Development and International Cooperation reported that the economy expanded 4.4 percent in fiscal year 2024/25, driven by a strong fourth quarter when gross domestic product growth hit a three-year high of 5 percent. 

Welcoming the move, Egypt’s Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly said: “Both S&P and Fitch have confidence, despite all challenges, that the Egyptian government will continue implementing its economic reform program, and that the returns from this program will grow further in the coming period.”  

According to S&P, economic reforms in the country have also boosted tourism and inward remittances and improved external and fiscal metrics.   
Since March 2024, the Egyptian pound has traded under a more flexible regime, helping stabilize the balance of payments and restore investor confidence. 

“The stable outlook balances our view of Egypt’s improving growth prospects and improving balance of payments trends against continued high government deficits and debt, including external commercial obligations,” said S&P Global. 

The agency said Egypt’s economy has benefited from the $8 billion loan program provided by the International Monetary Fund in March 2024, which helped stabilize the currency and support policy reforms. It also noted more than $10 billion in additional funding from other multilateral donors. 

“The government’s reform efforts, supported by the IMF, have attempted to reduce key structural constraints to growth. These include the large informal sector; relatively weak, albeit improving, governance and transparency of state-owned enterprises; and barriers to competition that prioritized public and military-owned companies and restricted private-sector activity,” said the report.  

In March 2024, the EU announced a €7.4 billion ($8.1 billion) financial and investment package for Egypt over four years, comprising about €5 billion in concessional loans, €1.8 billion in investments, and €600 million for bilateral projects. 

S&P Global said it could consider raising Egypt’s credit rating if the country’s net government and external debt positions improve significantly faster than currently expected. 

The ratings could also be upgraded further if economic diversification progresses steadily and the government opens key sectors to foreign investment, thereby benefiting the broader economy. 

On the downside, S&P Global warned that it could revise Egypt’s outlook to negative if the government’s commitment to macroeconomic reforms — including exchange rate flexibility — weakens, or if economic imbalances such as foreign currency shortages reemerge. 

In a separate report, Fitch Ratings affirmed Egypt’s Long-Term Foreign-Currency Issuer Default Rating at ‘B’ with a stable outlook, citing the country’s large economy, relatively high potential GDP growth, and strong support from bilateral and multilateral partners. 

However, Fitch noted that these strengths are offset by weak public finances, including exceptionally high debt interest-to-revenue ratios, sizable external financing needs, a record of volatile commercial financing flows, elevated inflation, and geopolitical risks. 

According to Fitch, Egypt’s gross international reserves rose by $2.1 billion in the first nine months of 2025 to reach $47 billion. 

The Central Bank of Egypt’s net foreign asset position stood at $10.7 billion in August, remaining broadly stable this year, while the banking sector’s net foreign asset position improved by $13.7 billion during the first eight months of 2025. 

“Our projection for broad stability in external finances partly reflects a steady narrowing of the current account deficit to 2.8 percent of GDP in FY27, following the 1.2 percentage points improvement in FY25 to 4.2 percent of GDP. This is driven by robust expansion of remittances which surged 66 percent in FY25 and tourism, offsetting a widening trade deficit,” said Fitch.  

The report further noted that Egypt’s foreign direct investment is expected to rise to an average of $15.5 billion in FY2026–2027, up from $13.2 billion in FY2025. 

According to Fitch, the country’s rating could be upgraded if Egypt strengthens its international reserves, narrows its current account deficit, and implements structural reforms that reduce the risk of renewed imbalances while improving access to international markets. 

Conversely, the rating could be downgraded if a further escalation of regional conflict heightens instability and security risks in Egypt, resulting in larger negative spillovers for tourism, Suez Canal revenues, or investor sentiment.