Somalia donors losing faith as Al-Shabab surges

Somalia donors losing faith as Al-Shabab surges
Somalia’s government has been battling the Islamist militant group since the mid-2000s and its fortunes have waxed and waned. (FILE/AFP)
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Somalia donors losing faith as Al-Shabab surges

Somalia donors losing faith as Al-Shabab surges
  • Despite billions of dollars in international support, Somalia’s army has melted in the face of an offensive by the Al-Qaeda-linked Al-Shabab insurgency, and donors are running out of patience

NAIROBI: Despite billions of dollars in international support, Somalia’s army has melted in the face of a months-long offensive by the Al-Qaeda-linked Al-Shabab insurgency, and donors are running out of patience.
Using hundreds of fighters and a vehicle packed with explosives for a suicide attack, Al-Shabab retook the town of Moqokori on July 7, the latest in a wave of defeats this year for the government.
It has given them a strategic geographical position to launch attacks into the Hiiraan region, but it was also a powerful symbolic victory over a local clan militia that had been the government’s “best fighting force” against Al-Shabab, according to Omar Mahmood of the International Crisis Group.
Somalia’s government has been battling the Islamist militant group since the mid-2000s and its fortunes have waxed and waned, but now faces a perfect storm of declining international support, a demoralized army and political infighting.
The government relied on local militias, known as “Macwiisley,” for a successful campaign in 2022-23, taking some 200 towns and villages from Al-Shabab.
But the insurgents’ counter-offensive this year has seen them regain some 90 percent of their lost territory, estimates Rashid Abdi of Sahan Research, a think tank.
Towns that were supposed models of stabilization, like Masaajid Cali Gaduud and Adan Yabal, have fallen. Three bridges along the Shebelle River, crucial to military supply lines, have been destroyed.
“The whole stretch from the north-west to the south-west of Mogadishu is now controlled largely by Al-Shabab,” Abdi told AFP.
The Macwiisley campaign collapsed, he said, because the government of President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, known as HSM, “was extremely inept at working with the clans,” empowering some and not others based on political favoritism rather than military needs.
“The mobilization went well when the president came from Mogadishu to start the first phase of the offensive (in 2022). Everybody was heavily involved in the fighting... assisting the national army,” Mohamed Hassan, a local militia member in Hiiraan, told AFP.
“It’s no longer the same because the leadership are no longer involved and there seems to be disorganization in how the community militias are mobilized,” he added.
The Somali National Army has done little to stem the insurgents, unsurprising for a force “still in development mode while trying to fight a war at the same time,” said Mahmood, the analyst.
Its most effective arm, the US-trained “Danab” commando unit, is better at killing militants than holding territory, and has suffered demoralizing losses to its officer corps, added Abdi.
“We are beginning to see an army that is not just dysfunctional, but losing the will to actually fight,” he said.
The problems stem from the wider chaos of Somali politics, in which a kaleidoscope of clan demands have never resolved into anything like a national consensus.
The government has vowed a renewed military push, but President Mohamud’s focus has been on holding the country’s first-ever one-man, one-vote election next year.
That “will not happen,” said a Western diplomat, speaking on condition of anonymity. Even in Mogadishu, where security is strongest, “any polling station would get bombed,” he said.
“It’s unfortunate that attention was shifted toward insignificant political-related matters which do not help security instead of focusing on strengthening the armed forces,” ex-president Sharif Sheikh Ahmed recently told reporters.
Al-Shabab has not launched a full assault on the capital, but has repeatedly demonstrated its presence.
Pot-shots targeting the airport are at an all-time high, said the diplomat, and Mohamud narrowly survived an attack on his convoy outside the presidential palace in March.
The group also controls much of the economy.
“It out-taxes the state. Its business tentacles spread everywhere,” said Abdi. “It is one of the wealthiest insurgencies in Africa.”
Meanwhile, the government’s foreign backers are losing patience.
The European Union and United States have poured well over $7 billion into Somali security — primarily various African Union-led missions — since 2007, according to the EU Institute for Security Studies.
The previous AU mission ended in December, but had to be immediately replaced with a new one — with the quip-generating acronym AUSSOM — because Somali forces were still not ready to take over.
“There’s a huge amount of donor fatigue. People are asking: ‘What have we bought for the last 10 years?’ Seeing the army run away and having (to create) AUSSOM was really hard for people,” said the diplomat.
Donors, especially Washington, are reluctant to keep funding the AU mission.
Mahmood estimates it will scrabble together two-thirds of its funding for 2025: “Enough to keep things going... but there’s clearly a chronic shortfall.”
Somalia has struck deals with newer partners like the United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Egypt. Turkiye has deployed about 500 troops, backed by drones, to reinforce security in Mogadishu.
But they are interested in protecting investments such as a mooted Turkish spaceport, said Mahmood, rather than leading the fight against Al-Shabab.
“We are staring at a very grim situation,” said Abdi.


Trump administration fights to keep ex-Trump lawyer Alina Habba as New Jersey federal prosecutor

Trump administration fights to keep ex-Trump lawyer Alina Habba as New Jersey federal prosecutor
Updated 23 July 2025

Trump administration fights to keep ex-Trump lawyer Alina Habba as New Jersey federal prosecutor

Trump administration fights to keep ex-Trump lawyer Alina Habba as New Jersey federal prosecutor

TRENTON, N.J.: The Justice Department fought to keep President Donald Trump’s former lawyer, Alina Habba, in place as the top federal prosecutor in New Jersey on Tuesday after a panel of judges refused to extend her tenure and appointed someone else to the job.
Habba, who had been named the interim US attorney for the state in March, appeared to lose the position earlier Tuesday, when judges in the district declined to keep her in the post while she awaits confirmation by the US Senate.
Acting under a law that generally limits the terms of interim US attorneys to 120 days, the judges appointed one of Habba’s subordinates, Desiree Leigh Grace, as her successor.
But just hours later, Attorney General Pam Bondi announced that she had in turn removed Grace, blaming Habba’s removal on “politically minded judges.”
“This Department of Justice does not tolerate rogue judges,” Bondi said on social media. The attorney general’s second in command, Deputy Attorney General Todd Blanche, said in a post on social media that he didn’t believe Habba’s 120-day term expired until 11:59 p.m. Friday.
White House spokesperson Harrison Fields said in a statement that Trump has full confidence in Habba and that the administration would work to get her confirmed by the US Senate, despite opposition from New Jersey’s two senators, both Democrats, who potentially have the power to block her nomination.
The judicial order appointing Grace, signed by Chief Judge Renee Marie Bumb, didn’t list any reasons for picking her for the position over Habba. Grace’s LinkedIn page shows she’s served as a federal prosecutor in New Jersey for the last nearly nine years.
Messages seeking comment were left with Habba’s office and the Justice Department.
Alina Habba’s tenure in New Jersey as top prosecutor
During her four-month tenure, Habba’s office tangled with two prominent New Jersey Democrats — Newark Mayor Ras Baraka and US Rep. LaMonica McIver, over their actions during a chaotic visit to a privately operated immigration detention center in the state’s largest city.
Baraka was arrested on a trespass charge stemming from his attempt to join a congressional visit of the facility. Baraka denied any wrongdoing and Habba eventually dropped that charge. US Magistrate Judge Andre Espinosa rebuked Habba’s office over the arrest and short-lived prosecution, calling it a “worrisome misstep.” Baraka is now suing Habba over what he says was a “malicious prosecution.”
Habba then brought assault charges against McIver, whose district includes Newark, over physical contact she made with law enforcement officials as Baraka was being arrested.
The prosecution, which is still pending, is a rare federal criminal case against a sitting member of Congress for allegations other than fraud or corruption. McIver denies that anything she did amounted to assault.
Besides the prosecution of McIver, Habba had announced she launched an investigation into New Jersey’s Democratic governor, Phil Murphy, and attorney general, Matt Platkin, over the state’s directive barring local law enforcement from cooperating with federal agents conducting immigration enforcement.
In social media posts, Habba highlighted her office’s prosecution of drug traffickers, including against 30 members of a fentanyl and crack cocaine ring in Newark.
Habba’s nomination has stalled under senatorial courtesy
Trump, a Republican, formally nominated Habba as his pick for US attorney on July 1, but the state’s two Democratic US senators, Cory Booker and Andy Kim signaled their opposition to her appointment. Under a long-standing Senate practice known as senatorial courtesy, a nomination can stall out without backing from home state senators, a phenomenon facing a handful of other Trump picks for US attorney.
Booker and Kim accused Habba of bringing politically motivated prosecutions.
What is Habba’s background?
Once a partner in a small law firm near Trump’s New Jersey golf course, Habba served as a senior adviser for Trump’s political action committee, defended him in court in several lawsuits and acted as a spokesperson last year as he volleyed between courtrooms and the campaign trail.
US attorneys often have experience as prosecutors, including at the state or local level. Many, including the acting US attorneys in Brooklyn and Manhattan, have worked in the offices they now lead.
Habba said she wanted to pursue the president’s agenda of “putting America first.”
Habba was one of Trump’s most visible defense attorneys, appearing on cable TV news as his “legal spokesperson.” She represented Trump in 2024 in the defamation case involving E. Jean Carroll.
But Habba has had limited federal court experience, practicing mainly in state-level courts. During the Carroll trial, Judge Lewis A. Kaplan chided Habba for botching procedure, misstating the law, asking about off-limits topics and objecting after he ruled.


Trump rehashes years-old grievances on Russia investigation after new intelligence report

Trump rehashes years-old grievances on Russia investigation after new intelligence report
Updated 23 July 2025

Trump rehashes years-old grievances on Russia investigation after new intelligence report

Trump rehashes years-old grievances on Russia investigation after new intelligence report

WASHINGTON: President Donald Trump rehashed longstanding grievances over the Russia investigation that shadowed much of his first term, lashing out Tuesday following a new report from his intelligence director aimed at casting doubt on long-established findings about Moscow’s interference in the 2016 election.
“It’s time to go after people,” Trump said from the Oval Office as he repeated a baseless claim that former President Barack Obama and other officials had engaged in treason.
Trump was not making his claims for the first time, but he delivered them when administration officials are harnessing the machinery of the federal government to investigate the targets of Trump’s derision, including key officials responsible for scrutinizing Russia’s attempts to intervene on Trump’s behalf in 2016.
The backward-looking inquiries are taking place even as the Republican administration’s national security agencies are confronting global threats. But they have served as a rallying cry for Trump, who is trying to unify a political base at odds over the Jeffrey Epstein case, with some allies pressing to disclose more information despite the president’s push to turn the page.
Trump’s attack prompted a rare response from Obama’s post-presidential office.
“Our office does not normally dignify the constant nonsense and misinformation flowing out of this White House with a response,” said Patrick Rodenbush, an Obama spokesman. “But these claims are outrageous enough to merit one. These bizarre allegations are ridiculous and a weak attempt at distraction.”
Gabbard’s new report on the Russia investigation
Trump’s tirade, a detour from his official business as he hosted the leader of the Philippines, unfolded against the backdrop of a new report from Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard that represented his administration’s latest attempt to rewrite the history of the Russia investigation, which has infuriated him for years.
The report, released Friday, downplayed the extent of Russian interference in the 2016 election by highlighting Obama administration emails showing officials had concluded before and after the presidential race that Moscow had not hacked state election systems to manipulate votes in Trump’s favor.
But Obama’s Democratic administration never suggested otherwise, even as it exposed other means by which Russia interfered in the election, including through a massive hack-and-leak operation of Democratic emails by intelligence operatives working with WikiLeaks, as well as a covert influence campaign aimed at swaying public opinion and sowing discord through fake social media posts.
Gabbard’s report appears to suggest the absence of manipulation of state election systems is a basis to call into question more general Russian interference. By issuing it, she appeared to recover her standing in Trump’s orbit, which just one month ago had seemed uncertain after Trump said she was “wrong” when she previously said she believed Iran wasn’t building a nuclear weapon.
“She’s the hottest one in the room right now,” Trump said Tuesday night. “Tulsi, great job — and I know you have a lot more coming.”
Democrats, for their part, swiftly decried the report as factually flawed and politically motivated.
“It is sadly not surprising that DNI Gabbard, who promised to depoliticize the intelligence community, is once again weaponizing her position to amplify the president’s election conspiracy theories,” Sen. Mark Warner, the top Democrat on the Senate Intelligence Committee, wrote on X.
Several investigations found Russian interference in 2016
Russia’s broad interference in 2016 has been established through a series of investigations, including special counsel Robert Mueller’s report, which concluded that the Trump campaign welcomed the Kremlin’s help but also found insufficient evidence to establish a criminal conspiracy.
A House Intelligence Committee report also documented Russia’s meddling, as did the Senate Intelligence Committee, which concluded its work in 2020 at a time when the panel was led by Republican Sen. Marco Rubio, who’s now Trump’s secretary of state.
A different special counsel appointed by the Trump Justice Department to hunt for problems in the origins of the Russia investigation, John Durham, did find flaws, but not related to what Gabbard sought to highlight in her report.
“Few episodes in our nation’s history have been investigated as thoroughly as the Intelligence Community’s warning in 2016 that Russia was interfering in the election,” said Rep. Jim Himes, the top Democrat on the House Intelligence Committee.
He added that every legitimate investigation, including the bipartisan Senate Intelligence Committee probe, “found no evidence of politicization and endorsed the findings” of an intelligence committee assessment on Russian interference made public in 2017.
Gabbard’s document was released weeks after a CIA report that reexamined that earlier intelligence community assessment. That new review, ordered by CIA Director John Ratcliffe, did not dispute Russia had interfered but suggested officials were rushed in the assessment they reached.
Trump administration is seeking investigations of former officials
Ratcliffe has since referred former CIA Director John Brennan to the Justice Department for investigation, a person familiar with the matter has said. The department earlier this month appeared to acknowledge an open investigation into Brennan and former FBI Director James Comey in an unusual statement, but the status and contours of the inquiries are unclear.
Besides Obama, Trump on Tuesday rattled off a list of people he accused of acting criminally “at the highest level,” including Comey, his 2016 Democratic opponent Hillary Clinton and former national intelligence director James Clapper.
He accused Obama, without evidence, of being the “ringleader” of a conspiracy to get him. Obama has never been accused of any wrongdoing as part of the Russia investigation, and, in any event, a landmark Supreme Court opinion from last year shields former presidents from prosecution for official acts conducted in office.
Trump launched his tirade when asked about the Justice Department’s effort to speak with Ghislaine Maxwell, the former girlfriend of Epstein, who was convicted of helping the financier sexually abuse underage girls.
“I don’t really follow that too much,” he said. “It’s sort of a witch hunt, a continuation of the witch hunt.”
Trump is under pressure from conspiracy-minded segments of his political base to release more about the Epstein case. Democrats say Trump is resisting because of his past association with Epstein. Trump has denied knowledge of or involvement with Epstein’s crimes and said he ended their friendship years ago.


Trump says trade deal struck with Japan includes 15 percent tariff

Trump says trade deal struck with Japan includes 15 percent tariff
Updated 23 July 2025

Trump says trade deal struck with Japan includes 15 percent tariff

Trump says trade deal struck with Japan includes 15 percent tariff
  • Deal includes $550 billion Japanese investments in US
  • Trump says Japan will form a joint venture with the US for LNG in Alaska

WASHINGTON/TOKYO: President Donald Trump on Tuesday said the US and Japan had struck a trade deal that includes a lower 15 percent tariff that will be levied on US imports from the country, including autos.
In a post on Truth Social, Trump said the deal would include $550 billion of Japanese investments in the United States.
He also said that Japan would increase market access to American producers of cars, trucks, rice and certain agricultural products, among other items.
Trump’s post made no mention of easing tariffs on Japanese motor vehicles, which account for more than a quarter of all the country’s exports to the United States and are subject to a 25 percent tariff. But NHK reported that the deal lowers the auto tariff to 15 percent, citing a Japanese government official.
“This is a very exciting time for the United States of America, and especially for the fact that we will continue to always have a great relationship with the Country of Japan,” Trump said on the social media platform.
Japan is the most significant of the clutch of deals Trump has struck so far, with two-way trade in goods between the two superpowers totaling nearly $230 billion in 2024, and Japan running a trade surplus of nearly $70 billion. Japan is the fifth-largest US trading partner in goods, US Census Bureau data show.
The announcement sent stocks in Japan higher, led by big gains in automakers as Honda, Toyota and Nissan all gained 6 percent or more, and US equity index futures gained ground. The yen strengthened against the dollar.
Reuters could not immediately confirm the elements of the deal announced by Trump, and details were scant. The White House did not immediately respond to a request for additional details.
Speaking early on Wednesday in Tokyo, Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba said he had received an initial report from his trade negotiator in Washington but declined to comment on the specifics of the negotiation.
Ishiba is under intense political pressure in Japan, where the ruling coalition was set back by losing control of the upper house in an election on Sunday.
Ishiba said he couldn’t say how a trade deal would affect his decision on whether to step down from office until he saw the details.

’MISSON COMPLETE’
Trump’s announcement followed a meeting with Japan’s top tariff negotiator, Ryosei Akazawa, at the White House on Tuesday, according to a person familiar with the matter.
“#Mission Complete,” Akazawa wrote on X.
Kazutaka Maeda, an economist at Meiji Yasuda Research Institute, said that “with the 15 percent tariff rate, I expect the Japanese economy to avoid recession.”
The deal was “a better outcome” for Japan than it potentially could have been, given Trump’s earlier tariff threats, said Kristina Clifton, a senior economist at the Commonwealth Bank of Australia in Sydney.
“Steel, aluminum, and also cars are important exports for Japan, so it’ll be interesting to see if there’s any specific carve-outs for those,” Clifton said.
Autos are a huge part of US-Japan trade, but is almost all one way to the US from Japan, a fact that has long irked Trump. In 2024, the US imported more than $55 billion of vehicles and automotive parts while just over $2 billion were sold into the Japanese market from the US
Speaking later at the White House, Trump also expressed fresh optimism that Japan would form a joint venture with Washington to support a gas pipeline in Alaska long sought by his administration.
Japanese officials had initially doubted the practicality of the project but warmed to it — and a range of other investments dear to Trump — as a potential incentive to resolve trade disputes with Washington.
Trump aides are feverishly working to close trade deals ahead of an August 1 deadline that Trump has repeatedly pushed back under pressure from markets and intense lobbying by industry. By that date, countries are set to face steep new tariffs beyond those Trump has already imposed since taking office in January.
While Trump has said that unilateral letters declaring what rate would be imposed are tantamount to a deal, his team has nonetheless raced to close agreements. Trump has announced framework agreements with Britain, Vietnam, Indonesia and paused a tit-for-tat tariff battle with China, though details are still to be worked out with all of those countries.
At the White House, Trump said negotiators from the European Union would be in Washington on Wednesday.
Trump’s announcement on Tuesday was of a pattern with some previous agreements. He announced the deal on social media shortly after a meeting or a phone call with a foreign official, leaving many key details a mystery, and before the other country issued its own proclamations.
Nearly three weeks after Trump announced an agreement with Vietnam — in similar fashion — no formal statement has been released by either country spelling out the particulars of the deal that was ostensibly reached.


Japan PM says needs to examine details of US trade deal

Japan PM says needs to examine details of US trade deal
Updated 23 July 2025

Japan PM says needs to examine details of US trade deal

Japan PM says needs to examine details of US trade deal

TOKYO: Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba said Wednesday that he needed to examine the details of a trade deal announced by US President Donald Trump before commenting.
“As for what to make of the outcome of the negotiations, I am not able to discuss it until after we carefully examine the details of the negotiations and the agreement,” Ishiba told reporters in Tokyo after Trump’s announcement.
“As the government, we think that  will protect national interests,” he told reporters.
“We just completed a massive Deal with Japan, perhaps the largest Deal ever made,” Trump wrote on his Truth Social platform.
Japanese imports were already subject to a tariff of 10 percent and Trump had announced this would rise to 25 percent on August 1 if there was no deal.
Imports of 25 percent on Japanese auto imports were already in place, as well as 50 percent on steel and alumiunium.
Japanese media reported that the levy on autos had now been reduced to 15 percent, sending Japanese auto stocks soaring on Wednesday morning in Tokyo.
Trump’s announcement came as Ishiba’s trade envoy Ryosei Akazawa was on his eighth trip to Washington where he met senior US officials.
Akazawa said on X: “Mission accomplished.”


Columbia University says it has suspended and expelled students who participated in protests

Protestors wave Palestinian flags on the West Lawn of Columbia University on April 29, 2024 in New York. (AFP)
Protestors wave Palestinian flags on the West Lawn of Columbia University on April 29, 2024 in New York. (AFP)
Updated 23 July 2025

Columbia University says it has suspended and expelled students who participated in protests

Protestors wave Palestinian flags on the West Lawn of Columbia University on April 29, 2024 in New York. (AFP)
  • Columbia has since agreed to a series of demands laid out by the Republican administration, including overhauling the university’s student disciplinary process and adopting a new definition of antisemitism

NEW YORK: Columbia University announced disciplinary action Tuesday against students who participated in a pro-Palestinian demonstration inside the Ivy League school’s main library before final exams in May and an encampment during alumni weekend last year.
A student activist group said nearly 80 students were told they have been suspended for one to three years or expelled. The sanctions issued by a university judicial board also include probation and degree revocations, Columbia said in a statement.
The action comes as the Manhattan university is negotiating with President Donald Trump’s administration to restore $400 million in federal funding it has withheld from the Ivy League school over its handling of student protests against the war in Gaza. The administration pulled the funding, canceling grants and contracts, in March because of what it described as the university’s failure to squelch antisemitism on campus during the Israel-Hamas war that began in October 2023.
Columbia has since agreed to a series of demands laid out by the Republican administration, including overhauling the university’s student disciplinary process and adopting a new definition of antisemitism.
“Our institution must focus on delivering on its academic mission for our community,” the university said Tuesday. “And to create a thriving academic community, there must be respect for each other and the institution’s fundamental work, policies, and rules. Disruptions to academic activities are in violation of University policies and Rules, and such violations will necessarily generate consequences.”
It did not disclose the names of the students who were disciplined.
Columbia in May said it would lay off nearly 180 staffers and scale back research in response to the loss of funding. Those receiving nonrenewal or termination notices represent about 20 percent of the employees funded in some manner by the terminated federal grants, the university said.
A student activist group said the newly announced disciplinary action exceeds sentencing precedent for prior protests. Suspended students would be required to submit apologies in order to be allowed back on campus or face expulsion, the group said, something some students will refuse to do.
“We will not be deterred. We are committed to the struggle for Palestinian liberation,” Columbia University Apartheid Divest said in a statement.
Columbia was at the forefront of US campus protests over the war in spring 2024. Pro-Palestinian demonstrators set up an encampment and seized a campus building in April, leading to dozens of arrests and inspiring a wave of similar protests nationally.
Since returning to the White House in January, Trump has cut funding to several top US universities he viewed as too tolerant of antisemitism.
The administration has also cracked down on individual student protesters. Columbia University graduate student Mahmoud Khalil, a legal US resident with no criminal record, was detained in March over his participation in pro-Palestinian demonstrations. He is now suing the Trump administration, alleging he was falsely imprisoned, maliciously prosecuted and smeared as an antisemite.