The nine countries that have nuclear weapons or are believed to have them

Pakistani military personnel stand beside a Ghauri nuclear-capable missile during a Pakistan Day military parade in Islamabad on March 23, 2017. (AFP/File)
Pakistani military personnel stand beside a Ghauri nuclear-capable missile during a Pakistan Day military parade in Islamabad on March 23, 2017. (AFP/File)
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Updated 18 June 2025

The nine countries that have nuclear weapons or are believed to have them

The nine countries that have nuclear weapons or are believed to have them
  • Five original nuclear weapons states are United States, Russia, China, France and UK
  • Israel, which hasn’t signed the NPT, has never acknowledged having nuclear weapons

Nine countries currently either say they have nuclear weapons or are believed to possess them.

The first to have nuclear arms were the five original nuclear weapons states — the United States, Russia, China, France and the United Kingdom.

All five are signatories to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, which commits countries that don’t have nuclear arms not to build or obtain them, and those that do to “pursue negotiations in good faith” aimed at nuclear disarmament.

Rivals India and Pakistan, which haven’t signed the NPT, have built up their nuclear arsenals over the years. India was the first to conduct a nuclear test in 1974, followed by another in 1998.

Pakistan followed with its own nuclear tests just a few weeks later.

Israel, which also hasn’t signed the NPT, has never acknowledged having nuclear weapons but is widely believed to have them.

North Korea joined the NPT in 1985 but announced its withdrawal from the treaty in 2003, citing what it called US aggression. Since 2006, it has conducted a string of nuclear tests.

Iran long has insisted its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes only and US intelligence agencies have assessed that Tehran is not actively pursuing the bomb now. But it has in recent years been enriching uranium to up to 60 percent purity — near weapons-grade levels of 90 percent.

In an annual assessment released this week, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute estimated that the nine countries had the following stockpiles of military nuclear warheads as of January:

Russia: 4,309
United States: 3,700
China: 600
France: 290
United Kingdom: 225
India: 180
Pakistan: 170
Israel: 90
North Korea: 50


North Korea condemns ‘wicked nature’ of latest US sanctions

North Korea condemns ‘wicked nature’ of latest US sanctions
Updated 9 sec ago

North Korea condemns ‘wicked nature’ of latest US sanctions

North Korea condemns ‘wicked nature’ of latest US sanctions

SEOUL: North Korea condemned on Thursday the latest US sanctions imposed on people and organizations accused of cybercrimes, saying they showed Washington’s “wicked nature to be hostile” against the regime.
The criticism came after the US Treasury announced this week sanctions on eight individuals and two entities “for their role in laundering funds derived from a variety of illicit Democratic People’s Republic of Korea  schemes.”
The individuals were “state-sponsored hackers,” the department said, whose illicit operations were conducted “to fund the regime’s nuclear weapons program” by stealing and laundering money.
Pyongyang’s “cybercriminals have stolen over $3 billion over the past three years,” US officials said, “primarily in cryptocurrency, often using sophisticated techniques such as advanced malware and social engineering.”
Kim Un Chol, vice-minister for US affairs at North Korea’s foreign ministry, denounced the move in a statement carried by the official Korean Central News Agency  on Thursday.
“Recently, the new US administration has imposed its exclusive sanctions on the DPRK, the fifth of their kind since its assumption of office,” he said.
“By doing so, the US administration showed to the full its stand that it would be hostile toward the DPRK to the last,” he added.
Kim said sanctions would not affect the policy course of the nuclear-armed state but would “only be recorded as a typical example symbolising the failure in its incurable policy toward the DPRK.”
The latest measures came after US President Donald Trump repeatedly expressed willingness to meet North Korean leader Kim Jong Un during his Asia tour last week, an offer that went unanswered by Pyongyang.
Kim Jong Un met Trump three times for high-profile summits during the US leader’s first term, but talks collapsed over what concessions Pyongyang was prepared to make on its atomic weapons.