Toxic smog wreathes India’s capital, Pakistan’s Lahore as winter nears

Toxic smog wreathes India’s capital, Pakistan’s Lahore as winter nears
People walk on Kartavyapath near India Gate on a hazy morning in New Delhi, India, on November 1, 2024.
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Updated 05 November 2024

Toxic smog wreathes India’s capital, Pakistan’s Lahore as winter nears

Toxic smog wreathes India’s capital, Pakistan’s Lahore as winter nears
  • Punjab government has blamed pollution wafting in from India for Lahore’s worsening air quality 
  • Authorities in Punjab have taken emergency measures in wake of unprecedented pollution levels

NEW DELHI: A toxic smog shrouded the Indian capital on Tuesday, driving air quality in some areas into the “severe” range ahead of winter, when cold air traps pollutants and brings a spike in respiratory illnesses.

The mix of smoke, emissions, and dust is an annual problem for authorities in New Delhi, with vehicles, construction dust, and smoke from farm fires in the adjoining northern states of Punjab and Haryana among the major contributors.

“The outlook for the subsequent six days: the air quality is likely to be in the ‘very poor’ to ‘severe’ category,” said the earth sciences ministry.

The city’s overall score on an air quality index kept by India’s top pollution authorities was ‘very poor’ at 384, the ministry added, and was likely to stay there until Thursday.

An index range of 401 to 500 falls into the ‘severe’ category, implying it affects healthy people, but is more serious for those already fighting disease.

Ministry data showed farm fires have increasingly swelled the pollution over the last three days, for a share of more than 23 percent on Monday, from about 15 percent on Saturday.

About a third of the city’s 39 monitoring stations showed a ‘severe’ score of more than 400 on Tuesday, said the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), well short of an air quality score of zero to 50 that it rates as ‘good’.

Swiss group IQAir also rated Delhi the world’s second most polluted city on Tuesday, after Lahore in neighboring Pakistan, where authorities also took emergency measures in the wake of Sunday’s unprecedented pollution levels.

The government in the eastern province of Punjab, home to Lahore, has blamed deteriorating air quality on pollution wafting in from India, an issue it has vowed to take up with its neighbor through the foreign ministry.


‘Like Shah Rukh’s Swades’: Pakistani NASA engineer who worked on James Webb still aims for the stars

‘Like Shah Rukh’s Swades’: Pakistani NASA engineer who worked on James Webb still aims for the stars
Updated 5 sec ago

‘Like Shah Rukh’s Swades’: Pakistani NASA engineer who worked on James Webb still aims for the stars

‘Like Shah Rukh’s Swades’: Pakistani NASA engineer who worked on James Webb still aims for the stars
  • Yasir Tufail from Gujrat helped build NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, the most powerful observatory ever launched
  • NASA deputy portfolio manager shares journey from rural Pakistan to space exploration, hoping to inspire youngsters back home

GUJRAT: Nearly 24 years after leaving his village, Yasir Tufail walked toward his old school in Karianwala, a small settlement in Pakistan’s eastern Gujrat district where he had studied until ninth grade, carrying ambitions that stretched far beyond the classroom.

As he made his way through the narrow streets, he was no longer the boy with a backpack on his shoulders, but a NASA Deputy Portfolio Manager who had spent years contributing to some of the agency’s most ambitious missions, including the James Webb Space Telescope, a project that has transformed humanity’s view of the cosmos.

Moving through the familiar pathways, Tufail recalled childhood nights when power outages plunged the village into darkness and the sky above came alive with stars. It was there that he first noticed “what looked like a moving star.”

“It was actually a satellite,” Tufail said in a conversation with Arab News last month, adding he had thought it was a star because it shone like one.

That childhood wonder eventually carried him to the world’s top space agency. His family moved to the United States in 2001, when he was just 14, making him trade the open skies of Gujrat for the bright lights of New York City.

He called it a “culture shock,” remembering all the light pollution. “When I looked at the sky, there was nothing,” he said.

Despite the emptiness above, Tufail’s dreams began to take shape. During high school, he came across a commemorative poster of the Columbia space shuttle disaster in 2003, the tragedy that claimed seven astronauts, including Indian-American Kalpana Chawla.

“That’s when my interest in space started,” he recalled.

The moment set his trajectory. Drawn to understand how spacecraft are built and what drives such missions, Tufail went on to study astronautical engineering at the University of Maryland.

In 2009, during his third year, one of his professors selected him to work on NASA’s Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) mission, which helped discover minor planets and star clusters. Soon, his university friends playfully nicknamed him the “WISE guy.”

After graduation, Tufail joined NASA full-time, contributing to several major projects. One of his early assignments, the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) satellite mission, holds special meaning for him, not just for its scientific impact but also for its unexpected cultural connection.

“Believe it or not, after eight years, I was actually working on GPM,” he said, referring to the 2014 Bollywood film Swades, in which actor Shah Rukh Khan’s character, a NASA engineer, was depicted as the mission’s project manager. “The coincidence made me feel like life was imitating art.”

But it was the James Webb Space Telescope that he said truly defined his career. Over seven years, Tufail held multiple engineering roles, integrating and testing instruments to ensure the observatory’s readiness for space.

When the first stunning images from James Webb were unveiled in July 2022, he watched with pride, knowing he had helped make those revelations possible. The telescope, launched in December 2021, now provides the deepest-ever view of the early universe — and Tufail’s fingerprints are quite literally on its design.

During his visit to Pakistan last year, he delivered talks at top universities, including LUMS and NUST, sharing his journey with aspiring students.

“If you want to do something in your life, you have to really struggle for that,” he told students. “And that can only come if you are passionate about it.”

His example has inspired others, including his own family. His younger brother has since joined NASA as a quality assurance engineer on the Dragonfly mission, which will explore Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, continuing a family legacy in space science.

Tufail himself continues to push boundaries at NASA, managing projects that probe fundamental questions about the universe while nurturing another lifelong dream: becoming an astronaut.

He is currently pursuing a private pilot’s license and a scuba diving certification, both prerequisites for astronaut training.

“I still want to be an astronaut,” he said. “You never know, maybe one day I’ll get to go to space.” 


Pakistan’s UAE envoy awarded First-Class Order of Zayed II for strengthening bilateral ties

Pakistan’s UAE envoy awarded First-Class Order of Zayed II for strengthening bilateral ties
Updated 36 min 17 sec ago

Pakistan’s UAE envoy awarded First-Class Order of Zayed II for strengthening bilateral ties

Pakistan’s UAE envoy awarded First-Class Order of Zayed II for strengthening bilateral ties
  • UAE’s top honor recognizes Ambassador Tirmizi’s diplomatic service in advancing Pakistan–UAE relations
  • Tirmizi dedicates award to embassy staff and the 1.7 million-strong Pakistani community across the Emirates

ISLAMABAD: The United Arab Emirates has conferred the First-Class Order of Zayed II on Pakistan’s Ambassador to the UAE, Faisal Niaz Tirmizi, in recognition of his distinguished diplomatic service in strengthening relations between the two countries, the Pakistan Embassy in Abu Dhabi said on Thursday.

Pakistan and the UAE enjoy deep and longstanding ties, with cooperation spanning trade, defense, and labor mobility. The Emirates hosts over 1.7 million Pakistanis— the second-largest expatriate community in the Gulf— whose remittances form a vital part of Pakistan’s foreign exchange earnings.

“The decoration was presented to Ambassador Tirmizi by His Excellency Khalifa Shaheen Al Marar, Minister of State at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, during a meeting held today in Abu Dhabi,” the embassy said in a statement, commenting Ambassador Tirmizi’s “dedicated efforts in further deepening the historic and brotherly relations between the two nations.”

Expressing his gratitude, Ambassador Tirmizi said he was “overwhelmingly delighted and deeply humbled to receive this prestigious honor.” He extended thanks on behalf of the government and people of Pakistan to the UAE leadership, authorities, and its people for their “continued support throughout his tenure.”

He added that the honor reflected the efforts of many: 

“This recognition is not mine alone. I am profoundly grateful to my dedicated team at the Embassy of Pakistan in Abu Dhabi, the Consulate General of Pakistan in Dubai, and our vibrant Pakistani community across the Emirates. Their hard work, cooperation, and commitment have been instrumental in further strengthening Pakistan–UAE relations.”

The Order of Zayed II is one of the highest civilian decorations of the United Arab Emirates, named after the country’s founding father, Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan. It is typically awarded to heads of state, senior diplomats, and distinguished individuals in recognition of their contributions to strengthening relations with the UAE or advancing international cooperation.

Conferred by the President of the UAE, the honor carries a gold medal and ribbon bearing the likeness of Sheikh Zayed, symbolizing friendship, service, and mutual respect between nations.


Pakistan says Saudi FM praised Islamabad’s peace role in telephone call on regional developments

Pakistan says Saudi FM praised Islamabad’s peace role in telephone call on regional developments
Updated 43 min 40 sec ago

Pakistan says Saudi FM praised Islamabad’s peace role in telephone call on regional developments

Pakistan says Saudi FM praised Islamabad’s peace role in telephone call on regional developments
  • Pakistan’s Foreign Office says Prince Faisal commended Islamabad’s commitment to peace, urged stability
  • Call comes as Pakistan faces border tensions with Afghanistan and watches post-truce developments in Gaza

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan’s Foreign Ministry said on Thursday the Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan called Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar to discuss the regional situation and recent developments, and commended Pakistan’s role in promoting peace and stability.

The telephone call comes amid rising friction on multiple fronts. Pakistan has been locked in border clashes and airstrike exchanges with Afghanistan, while attention remains fixed on Gaza, where a ceasefire is in effect, but reconstruction and repatriation challenges persist.

Pakistan also had its worst conflict in years with archrival and nuclear-armed India in years this May, when they exchanged artillery, missile and drone strikes got days behind the US brokered a ceasefire.

These overlapping pressures have pushed Islamabad to reinforce its diplomatic relationships with key partners like .

“H.H. Prince Faisal appreciated Pakistan’s commitment to peace & security in the region and emphasized the importance of collective efforts for stability,” the Pakistani foreign office said in a statement after the two leaders spoke via telephone

It added that Dar “expressed gratitude for the Kingdom’s continued support and reaffirmed Pakistan’s resolve to work closely with to further strengthen cooperation on regional & international issues.”

Pakistan and have long maintained a close partnership combining religious, economic, and security dimensions. has frequently supported Pakistan in regional diplomacy and development finance, while Islamabad views Riyadh as a key strategic fallback in times of regional stress.


Pakistan to relocate brown bear Rano from Karachi zoo to Islamabad sanctuary after court ruling

Pakistan to relocate brown bear Rano from Karachi zoo to Islamabad sanctuary after court ruling
Updated 16 October 2025

Pakistan to relocate brown bear Rano from Karachi zoo to Islamabad sanctuary after court ruling

Pakistan to relocate brown bear Rano from Karachi zoo to Islamabad sanctuary after court ruling
  • Rano has spent over two decades in captivity in a tropical region, hundreds of miles from her Himalayan habitat
  • The Sindh High Court ordered her transfer this week to a sanctuary in the federal capital under official supervision

KARACHI: Wildlife authorities in Pakistan’s Sindh province said on Thursday they had begun preparations to relocate a brown bear, Rano, from the Karachi Zoo to a sanctuary near Islamabad, following a court order that activists see as a victory for animal welfare amid incidents of cruelty toward captive wildlife.

The Sindh High Court this week directed the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC), which manages the zoo, alongside the provincial Wildlife Department to move Rano, who has lived alone for years in the city’s sweltering heat, to a bear sanctuary operated by the Islamabad Wildlife Management Board. The court ordered the transfer within two days under the supervision of Sindh Wildlife Conservator Javed Ahmed Mahar.

Rano, a Himalayan brown bear native to the cold alpine regions of northern Pakistan, has spent over two decades in captivity and in a tropical region, hundreds of miles from her natural habitat.

“To follow the court directives, we have started the process [to move the animal],” Mahar told Arab News. “After securing the execution order and notification for the oversight committee, we will take steps to relocate Rano.”

He acknowledged that Karachi’s climate and environment “are simply not suitable for a bear that belongs to the mountains.”

A Sindh Wildlife Department report said Rano showed signs of psychological and physical distress caused by heat, isolation and lack of stimulation. Officials also said they observed symptoms of zoochosis, a stress-induced repetitive behavior common in animals kept in poor conditions.

“She has shown signs of pacing, self-licking and rocking — indicators of chronic stress,” the report noted, adding that bears like Rano suffer “physiological stress, compromised immunity and behavioral disorders” when kept outside their natural range.

According to documents reviewed by Arab News, Rano will be moved in a specially designed IATA Type-82 transport crate with ventilation, straw bedding and temperature control. Pakistan International Airlines or the Pakistan Air Force may assist with the transfer. The bear will undergo veterinary checks before departure and spend 14 days in quarantine after arrival.

Officials said that once Rano stabilizes at the Islamabad sanctuary, the Sindh government has recommended she be moved to Gilgit-Baltistan, closer to her native Himalayan environment.

Animal rights campaigners welcomed the court’s decision, calling it a crucial step toward reforming Pakistan’s troubled zoo system, long criticized for neglect and mismanagement.

Rights activist and lawyer Jibran Nasir, one of the counsels for the petitioner, said the ruling reflected growing public awareness and pressure for humane treatment of wildlife.

“We hope that Rano’s ordeal will finally come to an end,” Nasir told Arab News. “While we are grateful to the court for its order, we are equally thankful to the media for highlighting the plight of animals in captivity. We now hope Rano will soon find herself in a place where she can live in comfort and dignity.”

Pakistan’s record on animal welfare has drawn international concern.

In 2020, the case of Kaavan, dubbed the “world’s loneliest elephant,” made global headlines and led to his relocation from Islamabad Zoo to a sanctuary in Cambodia.

Since then, courts have received multiple petitions demanding better treatment for captive animals, including lions and bears. The Karachi Zoo’s elephants have also recently remained in the headlines for the poor health and death of one of them, Noor Jehan.

Veteran journalist and animal rights activist Quatrina Hosain said Rano’s case exposed the country’s outdated approach to wildlife care.

“I’m immensely grateful to the Sindh High Court for giving the long-suffering Rano a judicial miracle,” she told Arab News. “But will we always need courts to force zoo administrators to do the right thing?“

“We must stop this archaic practice of zoo prisons and instead build sanctuaries or send suffering animals to sanctuaries abroad,” she added.

Hosain maintained keeping animals in poor conditions “is neither educational nor ethical.”

“Instead, we condition our children to accept cruelty,” she said. 


Pakistan, Sudan discuss direct shipping line to boost trade and connectivity

Pakistan, Sudan discuss direct shipping line to boost trade and connectivity
Updated 16 October 2025

Pakistan, Sudan discuss direct shipping line to boost trade and connectivity

Pakistan, Sudan discuss direct shipping line to boost trade and connectivity
  • Several landlocked African nations rely on Sudan’s Red Sea ports for access to global trade routes
  • Minister says Sudan can serve as a key trade hub connecting Pakistan with Central Asia, East Africa

KARACHI: Pakistan has offered technical support to Sudan for modernization of its maritime infrastructure to enhance regional trade and connectivity, the Pakistani maritime affairs ministry said on Thursday.

The statement came after Maritime Affairs Minister Junaid Anwar Chaudhry’s meeting with Sudan’s Ambassador to Pakistan, Salih Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed Siddig, in the Pakistani capital of Islamabad.

Several landlocked African nations including Chad, the Central African Republic (CAR), Ethiopia and Uganda, rely on Sudan’s Red Sea ports, particularly Port Sudan, for access to global trade routes.

Chaudhry and Ambassador Siddig discussed cooperation in maritime development, port modernization and industrial ventures as well as opportunities in logistics improvement and technology-driven port operations.

“Ambassador Siddig said Khartoum was keen to establish a direct shipping line with Pakistani ports to strengthen trade and logistics links between the two countries,” the Pakistani maritime affairs ministry said.

“He noted that a dedicated route could cut transport costs and improve supply chain connectivity between East Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia.”

Chaudhry welcomed the proposal and said Pakistan was ready to assist Sudan in modernizing its ports.

“We are shifting our ports onto AI-based systems to improve efficiency and reduce operational delays,” he said, adding that Pakistan could help Sudan adopt similar technologies.

“We can assist Sudan in equipping its ports with AI, particularly Port Sudan, which handles about 90 percent of the country’s international trade.”

Pakistan has taken a number of measures to modernize its ports and customs systems to improve efficiency, speed up cargo handling and facilitate businesses engaged in imports and exports.

The measures are part of Islamabad’s efforts to capitalize on its geostrategic location to boost trade and investment as it slowly recovers from a macroeconomic crisis under a $7 billion International Monetary Fund (IMF) program.

The minister Sudan could benefit from Pakistan’s experience in automation, smart logistics and digital port management, pointing out the potential for wider regional trade through Sudan.

“Sudan can serve as a key trade hub connecting Pakistan with Central Asia, East Africa, and beyond,” he added.