LONDON: Britain announced Wednesday that it was extending residency rights for up to 3 million Hong Kongers eligible for the British National Overseas passport, stressing that it would uphold its historic duty to the former British colony after Beijing imposed a sweeping new national security law in the city.
Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab told lawmakers that amid widespread concerns about Beijing鈥檚 tightening grip on Hong Kong, the UK was changing its immigration rules to give people who are connected to Britain by virtue of the city鈥檚 status as a former British colony a special route to citizenship.
Eligible individuals from Hong Kong currently can come to the UK for six months without a visa. Under the new policy, they will have the right to live and work in the country for five years. After that, they will be allowed to apply for settled status and then again for citizenship.
Hong Kongers who were born after the end of British rule in 1997 are not eligible, meaning that in effect, many of the city鈥檚 young student activists who are most at risk of arrest under the new law cannot take advantage of the British offer.
The announcement came hours after China imposed a sweeping new national security law in Hong Kong that Britain calls a flagrant breach of China鈥檚 international obligations and a 鈥渃lear and serious violation鈥� of the Sino-British Joint Declaration.
That treaty paved the way for Hong Kong鈥檚 handover from British to Chinese rule in 1997, and was supposed to guarantee at least 50 years of Western-style rule of law and civil liberties for the city under a 鈥淥ne Country, Two Systems鈥� principle until 2047.
Chinese officials have in the past referred to the document as a 鈥渉istorical document,鈥� a claim that Britain strongly rejects.
鈥淭he prime minister and the government are crystal clear that the United Kingdom will keep its word,鈥� Raab said. 鈥淲e will live up to our responsibilities to the people of Hong Kong.鈥�
The UK introduced a special, limited type of British nationality in the 1980s for people who were a 鈥淏ritish dependent territories citizen by connection with Hong Kong.鈥� The passports did not confer nationality or the automatic right to live and work in Britain, but entitled holders to consular assistance from UK diplomatic posts.
Britain鈥檚 government estimates there are about 350,000 current holders of the British National Overseas passports, with a total of around 2.9 million people eligible for it. It says the extended residency rules will apply to all of them and their immediate dependents.
No exact date was given for the new rule鈥檚 implementation, and Raab said further details will be announced later.
Raab called the security law a 鈥済rave and deeply disturbing step,鈥� and said it contained measures that directly threaten the judicial independence and freedoms of speech and protest protected by the Joint Declaration. It was particularly concerning that mainland Chinese authorities can now take jurisdiction over some cases without independent oversight, and try those cases in Chinese courts, he said.
Trust in China鈥檚 ability to live up to its international responsibilities took 鈥渁 big step backwards,鈥� he added.
The security law makes secessionist, subversive, terrorist activities and foreign intervention in Hong Kong鈥檚 affairs illegal. The most serious offenders, such as those deemed to be masterminds behind the crimes, could receive a maximum punishment of life imprisonment.
Many critics in the city and abroad say the law effectively ends 鈥淥ne Country, Two Systems鈥� policy and erases the legal firewall between Hong Kong and the mainland鈥檚 Communist Party rule.
Hong Kong police arrested nine people under the law Wednesday, the first day it came into effect. They included a man with a Hong Kong independence flag and a woman holding a sign displaying the British flag and calling for Hong Kong鈥檚 independence. Others were detained for possessing items advocating independence.